We are present in the bioenergy sector with investments in the production of biofuels and biomethane, which is increasingly obtained from scrap and waste. Eni produces biofuels from various raw materials. Today our biorefineries are fed mostly by waste raw materials resulting from used cooking oil, animal fat and other biomass, which allows us to produce Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil (HVO) biofuels capable of reducing CO2eq emissions, depending on the feedstock used, by between 60 and 90% (calculated over the entire value chain) compared to the reference fossil mix, pursuant to the RED II Directive (2018/2001). Eni stopped supplying palm oil to its Venice and Gela biorefineries as early as October 2022.
Through Enilive, we manage biorefining activities, biomethane production, and all smart mobility solutions.
Biofuels will be increasingly present in our energy mix thanks to a plan to expand plant capacity.
total biorefining capacity in 2023 (mln ton/y)
bio-refining capacity by 2026
total biorefining capacity by 2030
total biorefining capacity in 2023 (mln ton/y)
bio-refining capacity by 2026
total biorefining capacity by 2030
With low-carbon production technologies and methods, we produce fuels that contribute to reducing emissions in transport.
Highlights Full Year 2023
daily production hydrocarbon
adjusted operating profit
adjusted net profit
net capital expenditure
net cash flow from operations
leverage (Before lease liabilities ex IFRS 16)
Bioenergy contributes to making mobility more sustainable by providing fuels for road transport, as well as for the aviation industry.
Our flagship biofuel for automotive use is HVO or Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil, which we obtain in our biorefineries in Venice and Gela thanks to EcofiningTM technology. This product can also be used pure in normal diesel engines, and is already distributed in a 15% blend in Eni Diesel+ premium fuel.
Another type of fuel we produce and distribute are SAF or Sustainable Aviation Fuels. More than 1 MTPA SAF production potential is seen by 2026, with the potential to double by 2030.
The agri-business embodies Eni's approach to an energy transition with a strong innovative component, combined with a strong focus on the social dimension.
Claudio Descalzi
Chief Executive Officer of Eni
To ensure an increasingly sustainable supply for our biorefineries, we have developed a vertical integration model for cultivation and seed pressing projects in various countries for the production of vegetable oils (agrifeedstock), with the aim of reaching over 700,000 tonnes by 2027, corresponding to more than 35% of the feedstock processed in Italian biorefineries.
Through an agri-feedstock project: we are coordinating the cultivation of non-food plants on degraded land and promoting the introduction of second-harvest crops, regenerative agriculture projects that compete neither with food production nor with forest resources in some African countries, such as Mozambique. In the same countries, we co-ordinate the collection of waste materials, which are useful for producing biofuel, from agriculture, livestock breeding and the agri-food, catering and tourism industry. The products are collected in a network of "agri-hubs" and are then processed in our biorefineries and contribute to the production of HVO biofuels, initially with a limited role but then increasingly important.
In addition to cultivation, each of these projects envisages the creation of a centre for pressing crops and producing oil, as well as activating a series of services for farmers such as access to mechanisation, the distribution of seeds and fertilisers, training and technical assistance. The model provides that processing by-products are also exploited and transformed into feed for livestock or fertilisers for soil, contributing to the improvement of agricultural production for the domestic market. The regeneration of land thanks to the cultivation of biomass also contributes to the socio-economic development of the area. Farmers are actually fully in charge of the agricultural production at the agri-hubs. Through this model, we ensure that farmers can bring their products into the market without compromising land access.
The main goals we want to achieve through agri-hubs in Africa.
target for produced agrifeedstock by 2027 in different countries
to benefit from agri-hubs in Kenya by 2030
capacity of the agri-hub under construction in the Republic of the Congo
target for produced agrifeedstock by 2027 in different countries
to benefit from agri-hubs in Kenya by 2030
capacity of the agri-hub under construction in the Republic of the Congo
A photobook documents the involvement of local farmers in the production of bio-oils, which are used as raw materials for biofuels.
Visit the agri-feedstock projects that contribute to the increasingly sustainable supply of our biorefineries.
We involve our suppliers in the development of new technologies to extract vegetable oil and produce fertiliser and fuel to be then used in agri-hubs.
In the bioenergy sector, we are also active in the production of biomethane through the company Enibioch4in. Due to it also being obtained from organic, agricultural and livestock waste according to the principles of the circular economy, this fuel can be used to produce electricity from renewable sources, distributed for domestic heating or used as fuel for transport, helping to expand our range of solutions for sustainable mobility.
Our biomethane plants and objectives.
installations for generating electricity from biomethane
waste treatment plant
biomethane we aim to feed into the grid
installations for generating electricity from biomethane
waste treatment plant
biomethane we aim to feed into the grid