The Site of National Priority of Pieve Vergonte is located in the Ossola Valley in Piedmont. It was identified in 1998 and its perimeter defined in 2000. It includes the area of the industrial site, which is in turn divided into internal and external areas, part of the River Toce and the bay of Pallanza overlooking Lake Maggiore. The first industrial plant dates back to 1915 with the launch of the Chimica dott. Vitale company in the former Rumianca municipality which, together with Fomarco, is now Pieve Vergonte. Over the years, the plant specialised in the production of chlor-alkali, sulphuric acid and fertilisers and later, other products to support the war industry. In the 1920s the plant was taken over by Snia and then by the Rumianca company (since 1967, the SIR-Rumianca group) for the production of DDT, chlorine derivatives, intermediates and finished fertiliser cycle products. Eni has been operating in Pieve Vergonte since 1982, through its subsidiaries Anic and later Enichem Synthesis, as part of a legal acquisition ordered by the State to save the industrial site. In 1997, the production activities were sold to the Belgian company Tessenderlo, with surface rights on the internal areas (about 23 hectares), and then transferred to Hydrochem Italia and, in 2019, to the Esseco Group, which now manages the chlor-alkali plant and the chlorine-aromatics lines. Since then, Enichem, which then became Syndial and now Eni Rewind, has managed the remaining areas (about 14 hectares) and is responsible for the soil and groundwater remediation of the site.
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