Eni Award
Our international prize for research and technological innovation applied to the energy sector.
A benchmark for scientific research
Former Nobel laureates in the jury. Possible future Nobel laureates among honourees. Scientific breakthroughs with significant impact on the energy industry and recognition by the President of the Italian Republic.
Established in 2008, the award has become a major international event for research and technological innovation applied to the energy and environment sectors.
An award in line with SDGs
The award recognises research that contributes to the achievement of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, with a focus on sustainability and access to energy.
End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture.
Target: 8
Research contributing to SDG 2 (2017-2024): 2
Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages.
Target: 13
Research contributing to SDG 3 (2017-2024): 2
Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all.
Target: 8
Research contributing to SDG 6 (2017-2024): 12
Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy systems for all
Target: 5
Research contributing to SDG 7 (2017-2024): 37
Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation.
Target: 8
Research contributing to SDG 9 (2017-2024): 4
Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable.
Target: 10
Research contributing to SDG 11 (2017-2024): 5
Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns.
Target: 11
Research contributing to SDG 12 (2017-2024): 20
Promote actions at all levels to combat climate change.
Target: 5
Research contributing to SDG 13 (2017-2024): 19
Conserve and sustainably use oceans, seas, and marine resources for sustainable development.
Target: 10
Research contributing to SDG 14 (2017-2024): 2
Protect, restore and foster sustainable use of the earth's ecosystem. Manage forests sustainably, combat desertification, halt and reverse land degradation, halt biodiversity loss.
Target: 12
Research contributing to SDG 15 (2017-2024): 3
Eni research
The Eni Innovation Awards aim to stimulate and reward technological research carried out at Eni on energy and environmental issues.
Category: Fuels & Biofuels
This innovative technology aims to valorise different lignin-based materials, converting waste into a valuable product.
This innovative reactor can be used to produce energy carriers like hydrogen and methanol from renewable sources, such as thermal energy generated using Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) technology.
Category: Fuels & Biofuels
The developed process is a catalytic hydrotreatment, allowing the conversion of highly contaminated bio-feedstocks into hydrocarbons usable as fuels, lubricants, or in the petrochemical sector.
BioSlurry is a single-step process that replaces the traditional bio-refinery four-stage configuration, leading to efficient bio-feedstock conversion, even in case of highly contaminated raw materials.
Category: Renewables & Energy Storage
The Eni Thermal Energy Storage technology stores thermal energy in concrete slabs for both direct uses of thermal energy in industry, and for electricity storage, especially in combination with concentrated solar power plants.
The modularity of the system and the extended temperature range (25-550°C), make it particularly suitable for medium-sized industrial plants or for steam production for large buildings, such as hospitals.
Scientific excellence: the Eni Award scientists
The Eni Award is given to prestigious figures in science and technological innovation. Their work embodies the will to obtain a better use of energy sources through knowledge and the development of new solutions.
Holger Braunschweig
Holger Braunschweig is Chair of Inorganic Chemistry and Director of the ICB Institute at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität in Würzburg, Germany. His research has led to major breakthroughs in sustainable chemistry and catalysis.
Marc Fontecave
Marc Fontecave has been a professor at the Collège de France in Paris since 2009 and is the director of the Laboratory of Biological Process Chemistry. He has been a member of the French Academy of Sciences since 2005, where he has chaired the Energy Committee since 2019.
Nam-Gyu Park
Nam-Gyu Park is Distinguished Professor at SKKU at the School of Chemical Engineering and Director of the SIEST SKKU Institute, Sungkyunkwan University. His research in photovoltaics strengthens his role in energy science and technology.
Eni Award winners talk about their research
Meet the winners of the latest edition of the Eni Award: browse the collections of interviews and learn more about the research projects. Find out more in the Archive section.
Waste and toxicity avoidance through transition-metal-free direct nitrogen functionalization using light elements
Holger Braunschweig is a Professor of Inorganic Chemistry and Director of the ICB at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg. His research has led to significant discoveries in the synthesis of reactive compounds based on light elements and transition metals.
I hope this research attracts new talent, with new ideas and new ways of addressing problems. The field of chemistry, and its connection to solving social problems, is growing rapidly and becoming increasingly vibrant.
What does this award represent for you?
This prize recognizes the hard work and creativity of all of the students and postdocs who have worked in my group over the years. The discoveries recognized by the prize were not made out of the blue, they built upon previous work in the group, which was in turn built on even earlier work, as well as work from other groups around the world. All of the people in this chain deserve recognition. To me, the Eni prize also represents the great foresight of the selection committee and Eni to recognize research that is somewhat far from its applicability but has truly exciting potential for the future.
If you had only five lines, how would you explain your research?
My group's focus is the main-group elements of the periodic table, mainly boron but also aluminum, beryllium, and others. In essence, we make new, often very reactive, molecules. We do this by taking stable molecules and making them "uncomfortable", by adding/removing electrons, or adding/removing groups. These uncomfortable molecules tend to react in unusual and unpredictable ways, as highlighted by our boron-mediated nitrogen activation chemistry.
How will this research change your field of study?
Obviously I can't say for sure what the future holds for our field, but I hope that our research attracts new talent into the field, with new ideas and new ways of looking at problems. I can say that the field of main-group chemistry, and its connection to solving societal problems, is rapidly growing and becoming more vibrant by the day, giving me great hope that these elements and molecules will find true utility in the future. Even if this does not happen specifically with our systems, or even with the element boron, there are many other promising but overlooked elements on the periodic table that could carry it forward. I hope our research, and this award, shines a light on the immense potential of low-valent main-group compounds in synthesis, catalysis, and sustainability.
Utilization of CO₂ and CO: catalysts and devices for production of hydrocarbons and alcohols
Marc Fontecave has been a professor at the Collège de France in Paris since 2009 and is the director of the Laboratory of Biological Process Chemistry. He has been a member of the French Academy of Sciences since 2005, where he has chaired the Energy Committee since 2019.
Our research has contributed to identifying the most selective catalysts for the electrochemical conversion of CO₂ and CO into ethylene and propanol, key precursors for polymers and plastics. However, the electroreduction of CO₂ requires both fundamental and technological research before it can reach the market on an adequate scale.
What does this award represent for you?
This award first validates the strong and risky choice I made about 15 years to start this new project aiming at developing catalysts and electrolytic technologies for carbon dioxide/ carbon monoxide conversion to useful products and the huge efforts, combining basic and technological research, made to achieve significant progress in the domain. It is of course a huge recognition from the scientific community of some of these achievements.
If you had only five lines, how would you explain your research?
Fossil fuels not only serve as source of energy but also as a source of carbon. In the perspective of using less of them, one has to find new sources of carbon. Captured CO₂ is one possible source, together with exploitation of biomass and wastes. CO₂ can be valorized by its reaction with water fueled by low-carbon electricity since electroreduction of CO₂ can yield key compounds for the chemical industry such as ethylene, ethanol, propanol. This reaction requires basic and technological research before it can reach the market at the requested scale.
How will this research change your field of study?
Our research has contributed to discover the most selective catalysts for the electrochemical conversion of CO₂ and CO to ethylene and propanol, key precursors of polymers/plastics, and o ethanol, an alternative fuel.
Discovery of practical solid-state perovskite solar cells
Nam-Gyu Park is Distinguished Professor at SKKU at the School of Chemical Engineering and Director of the SIEST SKKU Institute, Sungkyunkwan University. His research in photovoltaics strengthens his role in energy science and technology.
This research on perovskite solar cells is transformative for the solar energy sector, as it paves the way for more efficient, durable and affordable solar technologies. It can significantly reduce the costs of solar power generation, accelerate the transition to clean energy, and drive future innovations in sustainable energy solutions.
What does this award represent for you?
The Eni Award is a great honor and recognition of the hard work and dedication that has gone into advancing clean renewable energy technologies. It represents not only personal achievement but also the potential for a more sustainable future driven by innovative research.
If you had only five lines, how would you explain your research?
My research focuses on developing perovskite solar cells, which provide a highly efficient and cost-effective alternative to traditional solar technologies. Our research group first discovered the practical solid-state perovskite solar cell in 2012, leveraging the unique properties of halide perovskite materials. This breakthrough initiated the new field of "perovskite photovoltaics" and sparked significant global research activity. As a result, power conversion efficiency has now exceeded 26%, bringing us closer to widespread adoption of solar power.
How will this research change your field of study?
This perovskite solar cell research is transformative for the field of solar energy, as it paves the way for more efficient, durable, and affordable solar technologies. It can significantly reduce the costs of solar power generation, accelerate the transition to clean energy, and drive future innovations in sustainable energy solutions.
Novel technologies for H₂S valorization
Elvira Spatolisano is a Junior Researcher (RTD-A) at the G. Natta Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering at the Politecnico di Milano.
The circular economy is crucial for addressing the environmental challenges of our time. This research demonstrates that changing perspective promotes innovation, creating a more balanced and responsible global economy.
What does this award represent for you?
I am very honored to have received this award. It motivates me to continue learning, growing and pursuing my passion with greater enthusiasm. It is a commitment to giving back what I received over the years in hours of mentoring and supporting. It encourages me to move forward without the fear of failure: with the right perspective, every challenge can be turned into an opportunity.
If you had only five lines, how would you explain your research?
Circular economy is crucial for addressing the environmental challenges of our time. The mitigation of carbon dioxide emissions through novel synthetic or bio-produced fuels, together with waste valorization, can help us in meeting the current demands without resource depletion. In this respect, my research is focused on the design of novel processes, inspired by the sustainable development goals, for converting a toxic natural gas pollutant into noble fertilizers or hydrogen.
How will this research change your field of study?
This research demonstrates that the shift from the traditional “take-make-dispose” model fosters innovation, creating a more balanced and responsible global economy. Some resources, considered in the past as economically unviable due to the high cost and environmental impact of their processing, can be made fruitful thanks to technological innovation. These advancements enable smarter use of raw materials and smarter waste management, contributing to sustainable development.
One, two, many nanocrystals: characterizing lead halide nanostructures from single particle to bulk
Stefano Toso graduated in chemistry from the University of Genoa and specialises in solid-state chemistry. His research offers an innovative approach to the development of new semiconductors.
Through the cross-disciplinary insights promoted by my studies, other researchers can learn that a lead halide-based material used for solar cells could be transformed into a promising photocatalyst, or that techniques from a different subfield could be used to resolve issues in their research.
What does this award represent for you?
The Eni Young Researcher of the Year award is a wonderful recognition of all the hard work I have put into my research. This means a great deal for a young researcher, as we often struggle to and see our efforts recognized outside the academic community. On a more practical note, such a prestigious award can make the difference when it comes to establishing my own independent research group in the future. As I begin my journey to find my place in the international research community, I am confident that the YROY seal will help me demonstrate the value of my work.
If you had only five lines, how would you explain your research?
Material scientists worldwide are looking for new semiconductors with superior performance and lower production and energy costs, and metal-halides may be the materials we have been seeking. In my work, I shape these compounds into nanoparticles that serve as building blocks to create new semiconducting mesomaterials. Depending on their composition and on how these building blocks are assembled, the resulting materials display properties suitable for energy harvesting, quantum light emission and more.
How will this research change your field of study?
Lead-halide semiconductors are widely investigated, and in the form of nanocrystals are known to display useful properties. This has shifted the attention towards optimizing their performance for immediate applications, like efficient solar cells or LEDs. However, focusing on performances can restrict innovation by leaving less room to explore new ideas. By treating lead-halide nanocrystals as building blocks rather than just end products, I could assemble a range of brand new nanomaterials based on metal-halides, and uncover hidden similarities between already existing ones. Such underlying connections are key to accelerating the scientific progress: through the cross-disciplinary insights promoted by my studies, other researchers can learn that a lead-halide material used for solar cells could be turned into a promising photocatalyst, or that techniques from a different subfield could be used to solve their own challenges.
Appraisal and optimization of energy efficient green buildings in South Africa
Favour Agbajor is a researcher in the fields of construction and distributed energy. His research focuses on the optimisation of multi-energy systems and green integration systems in buildings.
This work can empower relevant stakeholders to inspire other industry players to adopt innovative solutions towards eco-friendly, climate-resilient and more responsible construction practices. It sets a high standard for future studies, redefining how we approach planning, design, and construction management.
What does this award represent for you?
The Eni Award is an extraordinary honour for me and represents several interconnected values and aspirations that resonate deeply with me and the global community. It signifies a recognition of my work, and a validation of my passion and commitment to finding sustainable solutions to challenges in the energy and built environment field. Personally, this award symbolizes a pivotal moment in my academic and professional journey. It inspires me to continue pushing the possible boundaries in my interdisciplinary field, contributing to solutions that benefits my locality and have global relevance. It also serves as a reminder of the power of African innovation and the role that young researchers can play in shaping a sustainable future.
If you had only five lines, how would you explain your research?
My research focuses on optimizing energy efficiency in sustainable buildings in South Africa, addressing the significant energy consumption and CO₂ emissions associated with the built environment. It developed models that enhance energy performance and thermal comfort while promoting carbon neutrality. It explored the current state of GBs, evaluated the impact of building-integrated greenery systems, and investigated renewable energy usage in various climate zones. Ultimately, the research seeks to inform policy and practice for sustainable urban environment.
How will this research change your field of study?
This research can transform my field of study by deepening understanding of sustainable practices in the built environment. It can fuel the passion for green building technologies and their role in combating climate change. I envision using the insights gained to advocate for energy-efficient designs. Moreover, this work can empower relevant stakeholders to inspire others in the industry to adopt innovative solutions, ultimately driving a shift towards ecofriendly, climate-resilient and more responsible construction practices. It sets a high standard for future studies and serves as a benchmark for excellence, thereby making a tangible difference in how we approach the planning, design and management of the built environment both now and in the far future.
Spatial and seasonal variation of microplastics and water quality in surface water of river Njoro and Lake Nakuru ecosystems, Kenya
Petra Kienyiy Chui is an environmental engineer from Fundong, Cameroon. Her research interests include environmental management, pollution control, sustainable development and climate change.
This research enhances our understanding of microplastics pollution in freshwater ecosystems, particularly in developing regions. The findings could inspire studies on the impact of microplastics on public health, biodiversity and food security, redefining approaches to water resource management and environmental protection.
What does this award represent for you?
Receiving the Eni Award is a clear indicator that the work I've been doing is international and has a real influence; the work addresses the environmental challenges mainly. This award does not only make me more determined to do research but also it shows the role of African innovation in healing the world's largest problems.
If you had only five lines, how would you explain your research?
My research investigates the presence and seasonal variations of microplastics in the River Njoro and Lake Nakuru ecosystems. I analyzed water samples during both rainy and dry seasons to determine microplastic abundance and its impact on water quality. The study found higher concentrations of microplastics in the dry season, particularly in Lake Nakuru. It highlights the potential threat of microplastic pollution to biodiversity, public health, and food safety in these aquatic systems. Effective plastic waste management, especially recycling, is crucial to reduce environmental contamination.
How will this research change your field of study?
This research advances our understanding of microplastic pollution in freshwater ecosystems, particularly in developing regions where data is scarce. By highlighting the spatial and seasonal dynamics of microplastics and their effects on water quality, it emphasizes the need for targeted pollution control measures. Additionally, the findings could inspire further studies on the impact of microplastics on public health, biodiversity, and food safety, reshaping approaches to water resource management and environmental protection.
Photovoltaic cell cooling kits
Lakhdar Hamidatou is a PhD student and energy engineer. His scientific interests include refrigeration, HVAC, heat transfer, thermodynamics, and energy efficiency.
My research focuses on making energy systems more efficient and sustainable. My goal is to create solutions that fight climate change. It’s all about turning scientific ideas into real-world benefits for the future.
What does this award represent for you?
Being honored with the Eni Award isn't just recognition of past achievements—it's a catalyst for the future impact I aim to make in energy transformation and innovation. I truly believe my work can light the way for sustainable solutions to the challenges of tomorrow.
If you had only five lines, how would you explain your research?
My research focuses on making energy systems more efficient and sustainable. I work on improving how photovoltaic panels cool down in hot regions, which boosts their performance. By using innovative materials and techniques, I help reduce energy waste. My goal is to create solutions that support green energy and fight climate change. It's all about turning scientific ideas into real-world benefits for the future.
How will this research change your field of study?
This research will deepen my expertise in thermal management and energy efficiency. My passion for this field drives me to develop industrial solutions and advance integration technologies for a smarter world. By immersing myself in these areas, I aim to push the boundaries of energy management and contribute to sustainable technology for a cleaner future.
Treatment of industrial effluent using specialized, magnetized coagulants
Nomthandazo Precious Sibiya is a PhD student (Deng) in Chemical Engineering at the Durban University of Technology. She has received several awards, including the NRF Research Excellence Award for Next Generation Researchers 2023.
This study addresses challenges by harmonizing with the United Nations SDGs, notably SDG 6 and SDG 12. The importance of the project remains significant as it identifies opportunities and potential efforts in designing and implementing solutions that provide sufficient and efficient responses to waste water issues.
What does this award represent for you?
It is a huge honor for me to be recognized alongside three other persons from the entire continent of Africa. I am really grateful to Eni for this amazing distinguished status and recognition. The journey has been a learning experience for me, and the achievement of this award has energized and motivated me to pursue new and diligently projects that will help my nation and university. Anyone who has lost hope should look at my path and believe that if I can do it, so can they.
If you had only five lines, how would you explain your research?
The presence of heavy metals in wastewater reduces the biodegradability of key organic contaminants, converting them into long-lasting ecosystem components. As a result, one method that has produced promising results and attracted broad interest is the synthesis of new adsorbents. The purpose of this study is to investigate various agricultural products and food waste as adsorbents for heavy metal removal from wastewaters. Magnetized sugarcane bagasse, banana peels, or orange peels will be immobilized with microalgae to lessen the effects of heavy metals such as copper, iron, lead, and chromium. This study addresses these challenges by harmonizing with the UN's SDGs, notably SDG 6 (clean water and sanitation) and SDG 12 (sustainable consumption and production patterns).
How will this research change your field of study?
The project's relevance remains significant particularly given the issues that water resources confront, such as shortage, contamination, and misuse in their utilization/consumption. This study aims to provide knowledge about wastewater and wastewater management globally in a sustainable perspective; identify opportunities and potential efforts in designing, implementing, and developing government policies that provide sufficient and efficient responses to waste water issues.
The Eni Award's history
For years, the Eni Award has honoured the best discoveries and innovations in the fields of energy and sustainability, rewarding scientific excellence and promoting a more sustainable future
2008 - First edition of the Eni Award
The Eni Award replaced the Eni-Italgas Award with the aim of developing a better use of energy sources, promoting science and technology applied to the environment and encouraging the new generations of researchers.
2008 - John Craig Venter
The Award was given to John Craig Venter in the “Research and Environment” category.
Considered the leading scientist of the 21st century for his invaluable contributions to genomic research, he is known in particular for sequencing the human genome.
2009 - Gérard Férey
Gérard Féreyreceived the award in the “Protection of the Environment” category.
He was a world-renowned expert in the field of porous solids. In 2010, he was awarded France's highest scientific honour, the CNRS Gold Medal, for his research on microporous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs).
2012 - Barbara Sherwood Lollar
Barbara Sherwood Lollar received the Eni Award in the “Protection of the Environment” category.
She is a prominent figure in geochemistry, pioneering its innovative applications in many fields, such as environment, geology, hydrogeology and astrobiology.
2013 - Roberto Danovaro
Italian researcher Roberto Danovaro received the Eni Award in the “Protection of the Environment” category.
He is regarded as one of the leading scientists in the world in the field of oceans and seas. He was the President of the Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn in Naples from 2013 to 2022.
2013 - Frances H. Arnold
Frances H. Arnold won the Eni Award for renewable energy. She is a pioneer and leading authority in the direct evolution of enzymes, a field for which she was also awarded the 2018 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
2016 - Emiliano Mutti
Emiliano Mutti won the “New Frontiers in Hydrocarbons - Upstream Section” award.
He is one of the fathers of modern Italian geology. He studied in particular stratigraphy and sedimentology in deep-water turbidite basins.
2017 - Young Talents from Africa
On the 10th anniversary of its establishment, the prize honoured young graduates from Africa and included awards for research on sustainability and energy access, in line with the UN Sustainable Development Goals.
2022 - Fifteenth edition
The award is now celebrating its fifteenth edition. Over the years, it has received more than 11,000 applications and honoured more than 100 researchers.
Explore the archive
Arthur J. Nozik
The research will improve and optimise the efficiency of the cells used for producing solar energy.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The research will improve and optimise the efficiency of the cells used for producing solar energy.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Giacomo Rispoli, Giuseppe Bellussi, Nicoletta Panariti
A patent that improves the quality of products and potentially reduces the complexity and scale of the necessary processes, thereby improving overall energy efficiency.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
A patent that improves the quality of products and potentially reduces the complexity and scale of the necessary processes, thereby improving overall energy efficiency.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
J. Craig Venter
As well as environmental applications, the most eagerly anticipated uses of this research are in the field of preventive medicine, to predict people's genetic propensity to contracting certain illnesses and to develop more effective cures.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
As well as environmental applications, the most eagerly anticipated uses of this research are in the field of preventive medicine, to predict people's genetic propensity to contracting certain illnesses and to develop more effective cures.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Luca Chiarello
The aim of this research is to reduce water and air pollutants as much as possible and clean up the environment.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The aim of this research is to reduce water and air pollutants as much as possible and clean up the environment.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Paolo Ruffo, Domenico Grigo, Roberto Galimberti
This project involves the development of oil-system modelling technologies for probability-based assessment of the hydrocarbons found in potential traps in sedimentary basins.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This project involves the development of oil-system modelling technologies for probability-based assessment of the hydrocarbons found in potential traps in sedimentary basins.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Riccardo Inglese, Leonardo Chiezzi, Alessandro Canalini, Fabio Montanari
This new production equipment would expand the product range and allow the use of rubbers that cannot be processed at the facilities currently in use.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This new production equipment would expand the product range and allow the use of rubbers that cannot be processed at the facilities currently in use.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Silvia Cereda
Silvia Cereda’s research takes us a step closer to a clean energy future, including solar power.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Silvia Cereda’s research takes us a step closer to a clean energy future, including solar power.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Stefan W. Glunz
This analysis improves the performance of solar energy, increasing the quality and quantity of the energy produced.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This analysis improves the performance of solar energy, increasing the quality and quantity of the energy produced.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Alan G. Marshall
This research offers the potential to carry out a full analysis of crude oil and the products derived from it – for the first time – providing a new, powerful investigative tool.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This research offers the potential to carry out a full analysis of crude oil and the products derived from it – for the first time – providing a new, powerful investigative tool.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Alberto Cuoci
This research aims to drastically reduce pollutants released into the air during combustion. Perhaps one day we will be able to wave goodbye to pollution.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This research aims to drastically reduce pollutants released into the air during combustion. Perhaps one day we will be able to wave goodbye to pollution.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interviewClara Andreoletti
DVA (Depth Velocity Analysis) is useful for analysing seismic velocity and allows all geological information derived from oil wells and preliminary studies of the area under consideration.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
DVA (Depth Velocity Analysis) is useful for analysing seismic velocity and allows all geological information derived from oil wells and preliminary studies of the area under consideration.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Gérard Férey
This research opens up fascinating possibilities for environmental protection, looking at the absorption of gases that are harmful for both the planet and its inhabitants.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This research opens up fascinating possibilities for environmental protection, looking at the absorption of gases that are harmful for both the planet and its inhabitants.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interviewGiuseppe Bellussi, Roberto Millini, Caterina Rizzo, Daniele Colombo
The patent involves a fluid catalytic cracking process using a proprietary ERS-10 zeolite catalyst.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The patent involves a fluid catalytic cracking process using a proprietary ERS-10 zeolite catalyst.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Loredana De Rogatis
The aim of the research is to identify a class of catalysts to produce hydrogen from methane, methanol and ethanol, also looking into the catalytic hydrogenation of CO₂.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The aim of the research is to identify a class of catalysts to produce hydrogen from methane, methanol and ethanol, also looking into the catalytic hydrogenation of CO₂.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Martin Green
An important contribution to the successful roll-out of the photovoltaic conversion of solar energy, using technologies that can be applied on a large scale.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
An important contribution to the successful roll-out of the photovoltaic conversion of solar energy, using technologies that can be applied on a large scale.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interviewRiccardo Pò, Anna Maria Cardaci, Maria Caldararo, Giuliana Schimperna
The patent refers to the identification and synthesis of new paired polymers for use in the construction of new-generation photovoltaic cells.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The patent refers to the identification and synthesis of new paired polymers for use in the construction of new-generation photovoltaic cells.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Tony Settari
An integrated approach to the geomechanical simulation of the phenomena that occur when extracting hydrocarbons from a deposit.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
An integrated approach to the geomechanical simulation of the phenomena that occur when extracting hydrocarbons from a deposit.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Angela Belcher
This research into nature has applications in numerous fields, including solar cells, batteries, medical diagnosis and the individual molecular interactions involved in disease.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This research into nature has applications in numerous fields, including solar cells, batteries, medical diagnosis and the individual molecular interactions involved in disease.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Avelino Corma
This new technology will optimise fuels, and particularly diesel, increasing and improving performance.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This new technology will optimise fuels, and particularly diesel, increasing and improving performance.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Fabrizio Zausa, Luigi Besenzoni, Claudio Molaschi and Angelo Calderoni
A system comprising newly devised equipment and valves that allows geological pressure to be monitored during all stages of perforating an oil well, ensuring its safety.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
A system comprising newly devised equipment and valves that allows geological pressure to be monitored during all stages of perforating an oil well, ensuring its safety.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Francesco Masi, Francesco Menconi, Mario Polesello, Giuseppe Conti, Paolo Mariani and Elisabetta Borrione
This technology is environmentally friendly and allows high-performance materials to be produced with superior mechanical properties.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This technology is environmentally friendly and allows high-performance materials to be produced with superior mechanical properties.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
François Morel
This research into CO₂ fixing allows us to better understand the mystery of the global carbon cycle on which life on Earth depends.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This research into CO₂ fixing allows us to better understand the mystery of the global carbon cycle on which life on Earth depends.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Lorenzo Fagiano
This work focuses on the benefits wind offers in the field of energy generation. Alternative energy sources have the advantage of being infinite and, even more importantly, clean.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This work focuses on the benefits wind offers in the field of energy generation. Alternative energy sources have the advantage of being infinite and, even more importantly, clean.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Mark Knackstedt
This modelling study will allow new deposits to be discovered more frequently, increasing fuel availability worldwide.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This modelling study will allow new deposits to be discovered more frequently, increasing fuel availability worldwide.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Matteo Mauro
Research with the potential to make a significant impact on a society that will increasingly require new materials for lighting and saving energy.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Research with the potential to make a significant impact on a society that will increasingly require new materials for lighting and saving energy.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interviewMauro Gianni Dalmazzone, Gianpietro De Lorenzo and Giuseppe Giunta
This technology uses remote sensing of thermoacoustic shockwave emissions and is important for the safety of infrastructure, particularly when importing natural gas.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This technology uses remote sensing of thermoacoustic shockwave emissions and is important for the safety of infrastructure, particularly when importing natural gas.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Aldo Bosetti, Daniele Bianchi, Giuliana Franzosi, Marco Ricci
Research aiming to harvest energy from organic waste through the production of bio-oil, to be used as fuel or for the production of second-generation biofuels.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Research aiming to harvest energy from organic waste through the production of bio-oil, to be used as fuel or for the production of second-generation biofuels.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Elena Maria Rebesco, Pietro Scorletti, Fausto Alberici, Giuseppina Pisaniello, Marco Mongardini, Giacomo Rispoli
The team developed a radically innovative fuel with a high cetane value that further improves the quality of top propulsion products.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The team developed a radically innovative fuel with a high cetane value that further improves the quality of top propulsion products.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Fabrizio Frontalini
This research studies marine protozoa for a quick and environmentally-friendly way of reducing sea pollution levels.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This research studies marine protozoa for a quick and environmentally-friendly way of reducing sea pollution levels.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Gabor A. Somorjai
Technology to obtain better-quality and higher-performance fuels for everyday use from the crude oil extracted from deposits.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Technology to obtain better-quality and higher-performance fuels for everyday use from the crude oil extracted from deposits.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Gregory Stephanopoulos
This research allows fuels to be made from organic waste produced in our daily lives, without destroying products destined for use in food.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This research allows fuels to be made from organic waste produced in our daily lives, without destroying products destined for use in food.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Jean-Marie Tarascon
This research is developing cheap and safe high-performance batteries with a low environmental impact, allowing electric vehicles to become increasingly prevalent in cities.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This research is developing cheap and safe high-performance batteries with a low environmental impact, allowing electric vehicles to become increasingly prevalent in cities.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Martin Landrø
This seismic analysis allows the development of deposits to be managed accurately, producing a significant increase in the quantity of hydrocarbons extracted.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This seismic analysis allows the development of deposits to be managed accurately, producing a significant increase in the quantity of hydrocarbons extracted.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Simone Gamba
Refining technology that produces high-quality fuel for everyday use from low-quality crude oil extracted from deposits.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Refining technology that produces high-quality fuel for everyday use from low-quality crude oil extracted from deposits.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Valter Chelini, Maria Teresa Galli
This study allows the length and major petrophysical properties of production intervals to be estimated for thin layers, thereby providing an accurate assessment of the volumes of hydrocarbons present.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This study allows the length and major petrophysical properties of production intervals to be estimated for thin layers, thereby providing an accurate assessment of the volumes of hydrocarbons present.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Albert Polman
This research optimises solar energy production, reducing costs and thus helping to spread the use of renewable energy sources.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This research optimises solar energy production, reducing costs and thus helping to spread the use of renewable energy sources.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Alessandro Ferretti
This technology is used to identify landslides, tectonic movement and land subsidence. The data is sent to all regional governments so they can update their risk maps and urban planning guidelines.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This technology is used to identify landslides, tectonic movement and land subsidence. The data is sent to all regional governments so they can update their risk maps and urban planning guidelines.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Barbara Sherwood Lollar
Applying stable isotope geochemistry to the search for and protection of groundwater resources helps clean up the environment and water resources to ever higher levels.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Applying stable isotope geochemistry to the search for and protection of groundwater resources helps clean up the environment and water resources to ever higher levels.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interviewAngela Carati, Maria Federica Gagliardi, Marco Massimo Ferrari, Stefano Zanardi, Marcello Marella, Michele Tomaselli
This research involves the formulation and development of a new catalyst to upgrade diesel fuel, allowing a reduction in the number of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the end product, making it more eco-friendly.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This research involves the formulation and development of a new catalyst to upgrade diesel fuel, allowing a reduction in the number of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the end product, making it more eco-friendly.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Enrique Iglesia
This research looks at the synthesis of porous solids that can be used as heterogeneous catalysts to produce fuels and petrochemical products. They reduce the pollution and health risks that stem from using natural resources as fuels.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This research looks at the synthesis of porous solids that can be used as heterogeneous catalysts to produce fuels and petrochemical products. They reduce the pollution and health risks that stem from using natural resources as fuels.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Fabio Rocca
In 1987, Professor Rocca was named president of the European Association of Exploration Geophysicists. The technology for which the prize was awarded is applied to research into land and subsidence.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
In 1987, Professor Rocca was named president of the European Association of Exploration Geophysicists. The technology for which the prize was awarded is applied to research into land and subsidence.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Harry A. Atwater
This research aids solar energy technology, creating highly efficient photovoltaic solutions and ultra-thin solar cells with a low construction cost.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This research aids solar energy technology, creating highly efficient photovoltaic solutions and ultra-thin solar cells with a low construction cost.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Jijeesh Ravi Nair
Part of the research investigates lithium batteries, with the primary objective of reducing contamination as much as possible for the benefit of the environment.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Part of the research investigates lithium batteries, with the primary objective of reducing contamination as much as possible for the benefit of the environment.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interviewNelson Carballo, Gualtiero Ferrario, Tim Frame, Marc Kuck, Joseph Longo, Gianni Rizza, Salvatore Pilone, Enrico Squintani
The team identified solutions to integrate emerging technologies to tackle the limited oil recovery factor in the Nikaitchuq field in Alaska.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The team identified solutions to integrate emerging technologies to tackle the limited oil recovery factor in the Nikaitchuq field in Alaska.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Roberto Bagatin, Rodolfo Vignola, Raffaello Sisto, Riccardo Tuffi, Alessandra De Folly D'Auris, Marco Petrangeli Papini (Sapienza)
The team studied an innovative process to treat industrial wastewater, based on a combination of absorption using nanomaterials and nanofiltration through a membrane.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The team studied an innovative process to treat industrial wastewater, based on a combination of absorption using nanomaterials and nanofiltration through a membrane.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Silvia Comba
Using iron to help solve the pollution of aquifers. This research leads to a reduction both in pollution and in restoration times.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Using iron to help solve the pollution of aquifers. This research leads to a reduction both in pollution and in restoration times.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interviewAlberto de Angelis, Paolo Pollesel
An innovative process to increase the value of ‘super sour’ natural gas with a very high sulphuric acid content that cannot be processed using conventional technologies.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
An innovative process to increase the value of ‘super sour’ natural gas with a very high sulphuric acid content that cannot be processed using conventional technologies.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Damiano Genovese
A supramolecular approach to creating luminescent nanostructures that can be used in various fields, from medical diagnosis to molecular biology and solar energy conversion.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
A supramolecular approach to creating luminescent nanostructures that can be used in various fields, from medical diagnosis to molecular biology and solar energy conversion.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interviewFranco Fonnesu, Marco Orsi
A predictive geological model for turbidite deposits and tertiary contourites was developed to gain a better idea of the exploration potential of the Area 4 block (Rovuma Basin, Mozambique).
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
A predictive geological model for turbidite deposits and tertiary contourites was developed to gain a better idea of the exploration potential of the Area 4 block (Rovuma Basin, Mozambique).
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Frances H. Arnold
Redesigning cellular metabolism and methods for designing biocatalysts to produce fuels and chemicals from biomass.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Redesigning cellular metabolism and methods for designing biocatalysts to produce fuels and chemicals from biomass.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
James C. Liao
Redesigning cellular metabolism using metabolic design, with energy-related, industrial and medical applications.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Redesigning cellular metabolism using metabolic design, with energy-related, industrial and medical applications.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Matteo Cargnello
A multidisciplinary study that combines metallic nanoparticles and semiconductors, exploiting interactions that take place on a very small scale. The result is innovative materials that can be used to facilitate environmentally-friendly chemical transformations.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
A multidisciplinary study that combines metallic nanoparticles and semiconductors, exploiting interactions that take place on a very small scale. The result is innovative materials that can be used to facilitate environmentally-friendly chemical transformations.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Philip G. Jessop
The research focuses on the creation of environmentally-friendly solvents that can purify water contaminated by hydrocarbons without requiring organic solvents.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The research focuses on the creation of environmentally-friendly solvents that can purify water contaminated by hydrocarbons without requiring organic solvents.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interviewGiuliana Schimperna, Roberto Fusco, Andrea Alessi, Samuele Santarelli, Gabriele Bianchi, Antonio Alfonso Proto, Petra Scudo
The discovery of a new category of fluorescent dyes with a low self-absorption rate allowed the creation of highly efficient luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs).
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The discovery of a new category of fluorescent dyes with a low self-absorption rate allowed the creation of highly efficient luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs).
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Rajamani Krishna
The research studies chemical and physical phenomena at a molecular and microscopic level, focusing on the potential to purify gases and make petrol more efficient.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The research studies chemical and physical phenomena at a molecular and microscopic level, focusing on the potential to purify gases and make petrol more efficient.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Roberto Danovaro
This research looks in depth at the role viruses play in maintaining the balance of the marine ecosystem and in its capacity to absorb carbon dioxide and so reduce the impact of climate change.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This research looks in depth at the role viruses play in maintaining the balance of the marine ecosystem and in its capacity to absorb carbon dioxide and so reduce the impact of climate change.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Amir H. Hoveyda
The catalysts arising from this research are applied in the chemical industry for ultra-large-scale stereoselective polymer synthesis and for converting hydrocarbons into high-value materials in a sustainable and exceptionally efficient way.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The catalysts arising from this research are applied in the chemical industry for ultra-large-scale stereoselective polymer synthesis and for converting hydrocarbons into high-value materials in a sustainable and exceptionally efficient way.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interviewAnna Sommazzi, Francesco Masi, Giovanni Ricci, Giuseppe Leone, Salvatore Coppola, Maria Francesca Pirini
This new family of thermoplastic elastomers has potentially significant everyday applications – in developing extremely innovative tyres, for example.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This new family of thermoplastic elastomers has potentially significant everyday applications – in developing extremely innovative tyres, for example.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Clément Sanchez
The research covers various aspects of soft chemistry: nanostructured materials, modular synthesis and the predefined construction of hybrid and hierarchically-structured materials.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The research covers various aspects of soft chemistry: nanostructured materials, modular synthesis and the predefined construction of hybrid and hierarchically-structured materials.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interviewFrancesco Gasparoni, Stefano Carminati, Patrizia Broccia, Melania Buffagni, Nora Hveding Bergseth, Erik Bjornbom, Laura Gallimberti
An innovative piece of robotics technology for monitoring the subsea environment, capable of working at depths of up to 3,000m and in particularly hostile conditions. Clean Sea allows offshore oil and gas facilities to be monitored and inspected completely automatically.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
An innovative piece of robotics technology for monitoring the subsea environment, capable of working at depths of up to 3,000m and in particularly hostile conditions. Clean Sea allows offshore oil and gas facilities to be monitored and inspected completely automatically.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Giacomo Rispoli, Claudia Prati, Andrea Amoroso, Pierluigi Bozza, Orlando Zara
This Venice-based project is the first time a conventional refinery has ever been converted into a biorefinery in order to produce a new generation of high-quality biofuels.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This Venice-based project is the first time a conventional refinery has ever been converted into a biorefinery in order to produce a new generation of high-quality biofuels.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Jay D. Keasling
Jay Keasling’s research concentrates on the engineering chemistry within microorganisms, both for producing useful chemical substances and for breaking down toxic environmental contaminants.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Jay Keasling’s research concentrates on the engineering chemistry within microorganisms, both for producing useful chemical substances and for breaking down toxic environmental contaminants.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Martina Siena
This work helps us understand how the multi-scalar nature of geological features can be entered quantitatively into a combined general theoretical modelling framework.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This work helps us understand how the multi-scalar nature of geological features can be entered quantitatively into a combined general theoretical modelling framework.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Nicola Bortolamei
This project uses electrochemistry as a tool to increase control over macromolecular development.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This project uses electrochemistry as a tool to increase control over macromolecular development.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Tapan Mukerji
Rock physics connects seismic data with the creation of deposit models, establishing various transformations for use in the models, including elastic properties, obtained from seismic data, and the properties of the rocks.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Rock physics connects seismic data with the creation of deposit models, establishing various transformations for use in the models, including elastic properties, obtained from seismic data, and the properties of the rocks.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Daniela Meroni
Daniela Meroni synthesised oxide-based photocatalysts in visible light using doping with non-metallic ions.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Daniela Meroni synthesised oxide-based photocatalysts in visible light using doping with non-metallic ions.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interviewEzio Battistel, Stefano Ramello, Cecilia Querci
The guayule is a desert shrub that produces natural rubber; this patented extraction technology significantly reduces its allergenic properties.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The guayule is a desert shrub that produces natural rubber; this patented extraction technology significantly reduces its allergenic properties.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Helmut Schwarz
Research into methane activation for conversion into heavier hydrocarbons (such as ethane) or oxygenates (such as methanol) that will facilitate the development and transportation of large natural gas reserves in remote deposits.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Research into methane activation for conversion into heavier hydrocarbons (such as ethane) or oxygenates (such as methanol) that will facilitate the development and transportation of large natural gas reserves in remote deposits.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Johan Olof Anders Robertsson
The project aims to develop innovative sea-exploration data acquisition and modelling technology, using acoustic (seismic) methods to overcome previous limits in viewing the subsoil without damaging the environment.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The project aims to develop innovative sea-exploration data acquisition and modelling technology, using acoustic (seismic) methods to overcome previous limits in viewing the subsoil without damaging the environment.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Margherita Maiuri
Research aimed at understanding the primary mechanisms that govern how light is gathered in natural organisms, so they could be recreated in artificial systems.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Research aimed at understanding the primary mechanisms that govern how light is gathered in natural organisms, so they could be recreated in artificial systems.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Menachem Elimelech
An innovative process that uses low-grade heat as an energy source to treat water associated with oil production activities.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
An innovative process that uses low-grade heat as an energy source to treat water associated with oil production activities.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Mercouri Kanatzidis
This research involves the development of new solid-state semiconductors that can retrieve waste heat and convert it directly into electricity.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This research involves the development of new solid-state semiconductors that can retrieve waste heat and convert it directly into electricity.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interviewPaolo Ferrara, Alberto Maliardi, Giuseppe De Grandis, Roberto Finotello, Eliana De Marchi, Michele Filippini, Massimo Carazzato, Dennis Indrigo
The researchers developed and patented a new dynamic system for ‘killing’ a deepwater well in the event of a blow-out.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The researchers developed and patented a new dynamic system for ‘killing’ a deepwater well in the event of a blow-out.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Paolo Italia, Federico Orengo
How modified bitumen can be managed at room temperature, allowing significant energy savings during transportation and storage.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
How modified bitumen can be managed at room temperature, allowing significant energy savings during transportation and storage.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Alessandra Menafoglio
The statistician studies wide-ranging and complex data to make reliable predictions about natural variables such as the characteristics of rock or soil.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The statistician studies wide-ranging and complex data to make reliable predictions about natural variables such as the characteristics of rock or soil.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interviewCarlo Cesari, Roman Estanislao Chomicz, Roberto Cimino, Roberto Ferrario, Andrea Lainati, Alessandro Luongo, Daniele Vanzan
The ultimate aim is to capture hydrocarbons that are released into the sea, thus limiting the environmental impact of a blowout in the time required to regain control of the well using other methods.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The ultimate aim is to capture hydrocarbons that are released into the sea, thus limiting the environmental impact of a blowout in the time required to regain control of the well using other methods.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Christopher Ballentine
Christopher Ballentine’s research has opened the way for important developments in the study of underground fluid systems, through the analysis of gas tracers present in oil and natural gas.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Christopher Ballentine’s research has opened the way for important developments in the study of underground fluid systems, through the analysis of gas tracers present in oil and natural gas.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interviewDaniele Bianchi, Alessandra d’Arminio Monforte, Fabio Oldani, Rossella Bortolo, Mario Baldassarre
The invention of a new process to synthesise microbial oils obtained from lignocellulosic biomass, such as wheat or corn straw, by fermenting the sugars.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The invention of a new process to synthesise microbial oils obtained from lignocellulosic biomass, such as wheat or corn straw, by fermenting the sugars.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
David Milstein
The catalytic reactions studied by Milstein do not damage ecosystems and allow many important chemical, polymer and pharmaceutical products to be synthesised cleanly.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The catalytic reactions studied by Milstein do not damage ecosystems and allow many important chemical, polymer and pharmaceutical products to be synthesised cleanly.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Emiliano Mutti
Emiliano Mutti’s research focuses on the large volumes of sand and mud carried by rivers to the sea, which end up forming deltas and conoids deep under water.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Emiliano Mutti’s research focuses on the large volumes of sand and mud carried by rivers to the sea, which end up forming deltas and conoids deep under water.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Federico Bella
The research concentrates on third-generation solar cells made predominantly of plastic materials, leading to particularly light and flexible solar panels.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The research concentrates on third-generation solar cells made predominantly of plastic materials, leading to particularly light and flexible solar panels.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interviewGiuseppe Bellussi, Vincenzo Piccolo, Alberto Malandrino, Valentina Fabio, Giacomo Rispoli
The winning patent involves extracting all products during the vapour phase and producing a better distribution of products, as well as reduced energy consumption when refining the hydrocarbons.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The winning patent involves extracting all products during the vapour phase and producing a better distribution of products, as well as reduced energy consumption when refining the hydrocarbons.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Johannes Lercher
The need to reduce our carbon footprint requires fresh approaches to producing energy vectors and chemical intermediates. This led to research into new catalytic strategies for the synthesis of alkenes and alkanols.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The need to reduce our carbon footprint requires fresh approaches to producing energy vectors and chemical intermediates. This led to research into new catalytic strategies for the synthesis of alkenes and alkanols.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interviewElisa di Biase, Lucilla Del Gaudio, Alessandra Belloni, Paola Albonico, Alberto Maliardi, Roberto Lorefice, Mario Sobacchi, Francesca Rinaldi, Claudia Porretta Serapiglia
e‐smart W33 has been designed specifically to selectively shut off water flowing into a fractures in the reservoir, in order to mitigate the water production.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
e‐smart W33 has been designed specifically to selectively shut off water flowing into a fractures in the reservoir, in order to mitigate the water production.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Gianni Girotti, Mark Burk, Alberto Cesana, Daniela Cucchetti, Daniele Delledonne, Alessandro Del Seppia, Giuliana Franzosi, Marta Gamberoni, Bruno Gibbardo, Cecilia Gradella, Vittorio Milanesi, Lorenzo Nannetti, Valentina Rodighiero, Guido Spanò, Nicola Vecchini
The project is most relevant for chemical industrial production since, currently, butadiene is mainly a co-product of the naphtha cracking process.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The project is most relevant for chemical industrial production since, currently, butadiene is mainly a co-product of the naphtha cracking process.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Giuliana Schimperna, Luigi Abbondanza, Antonio Proto, Liliana Gila, Andrea Alessi
The original fluorescent dyes developed by Eni researchers are characterized by low auto-absorption and high photo-stability, two features that make them particularly suitable for LSC applications.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The original fluorescent dyes developed by Eni researchers are characterized by low auto-absorption and high photo-stability, two features that make them particularly suitable for LSC applications.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Graham Hutchings
A targeted study that uses gold instead of mercury as a catalyst: a solution in the field of environmental protection and remediation.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
A targeted study that uses gold instead of mercury as a catalyst: a solution in the field of environmental protection and remediation.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Jens Nielsen
A research exploring new frontiers of energy using microorganisms such as yeast for the production of ethanol.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
A research exploring new frontiers of energy using microorganisms such as yeast for the production of ethanol.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Matteo Fasano
This young researcher has studied water transport properties using a methodology that combines simulations, experiments and theory.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This young researcher has studied water transport properties using a methodology that combines simulations, experiments and theory.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Robert Schlögl
Research in the field of innovative use of hydrocarbons and efficiency in the energy transition.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Research in the field of innovative use of hydrocarbons and efficiency in the energy transition.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Stefano Langé
This young researcher has studied the development of a simple and cost-effective process solution for the purification of natural gas.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This young researcher has studied the development of a simple and cost-effective process solution for the purification of natural gas.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Blessing Onyeche Ugwoke
Dr. Ugwoke, a young talent from Africa, studies off-grid renewable energy systems in Nigeria.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Dr. Ugwoke, a young talent from Africa, studies off-grid renewable energy systems in Nigeria.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Yemane Kelemework Equbamariam
This young researcher has studied the structure of the earth’s crust in Ethiopia to better use the resources of the site and to prevent risks.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This young researcher has studied the structure of the earth’s crust in Ethiopia to better use the resources of the site and to prevent risks.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Omar Yaghi
The capacity to manipulate matter at the atomic and molecular level is essential to solving the challenges of the world’s energy transition.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The capacity to manipulate matter at the atomic and molecular level is essential to solving the challenges of the world’s energy transition.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Sang Yup Lee
Chemical products and environmentally-friendly materials have an important role to play in strategies for fighting climate change.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Chemical products and environmentally-friendly materials have an important role to play in strategies for fighting climate change.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Zhong Lin Wang
Research provides the energy technology to power the development of the Internet of Things, robotics and artificial intelligence.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Research provides the energy technology to power the development of the Internet of Things, robotics and artificial intelligence.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Gianluca Longoni
This young researcher focuses on the development of low environmental-impact materials for sodium ion batteries.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This young researcher focuses on the development of low environmental-impact materials for sodium ion batteries.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Michele De Bastiani
The stability of conversion processes to transform light into power is one of the key challenges facing emerging solar technologies.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The stability of conversion processes to transform light into power is one of the key challenges facing emerging solar technologies.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Emerance Jessica Claire D’Assise Goma-Tchimbakala
This study isolates and describes the bacteria found in different types of hydrocarbon-polluted soil in Congo and assesses the scope for its biological clean-up.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This study isolates and describes the bacteria found in different types of hydrocarbon-polluted soil in Congo and assesses the scope for its biological clean-up.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Elvis Tinashe Ganda
This study focuses on the co-processing of raw materials derived from liquid biomass for the production of alternative fuels.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This study focuses on the co-processing of raw materials derived from liquid biomass for the production of alternative fuels.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interviewAlberto Landoni, Stefania Guidetti, Giuseppe Belmonte
Reusing a waste product in the refining cycle to obtain noble fuels means increasing the conversion of the bottom of the barrel to 96-98%, reducing waste stream.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Reusing a waste product in the refining cycle to obtain noble fuels means increasing the conversion of the bottom of the barrel to 96-98%, reducing waste stream.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Raffaele Servodio, Paolo Dell’Aversana, Franco Bottazzi, Claudio Molaschi, Carlo Carniani, Germana Gallino
The e-REMM System enables the three-dimensional reconstruction and visualization, in real-time, of the distribution of fluids in the reservoir, during well production and injection phases.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The e-REMM System enables the three-dimensional reconstruction and visualization, in real-time, of the distribution of fluids in the reservoir, during well production and injection phases.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Lucilla Del Gaudio, Elena Braccalenti, Paola Albonico, Alessandra Belloni, Stefano Pinneri, Federico Cracolici, Luigina Maria Flora Sabatino, Monica Anelli, Chiara Cecilia Piseri, Mario Giovanni Sobacchi
In the area of interest of nanotechnologies, nanoemulsions represent technological fluids with peculiar characteristics. The strength of this technology is the development of an innovative proprietary method for their low-energy formulation.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
In the area of interest of nanotechnologies, nanoemulsions represent technological fluids with peculiar characteristics. The strength of this technology is the development of an innovative proprietary method for their low-energy formulation.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Francesca Bottazzi, Stefano Mantica, Stefania Petroselli, Alberto Cominelli, Federica Caresani
Eni researchers have developed an innovative technology able to estimate the microseismicity correlated to fluid injection in the subsurface, thus allowing for sustainable exploitation of energy resources by defining proper operational limits.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Eni researchers have developed an innovative technology able to estimate the microseismicity correlated to fluid injection in the subsurface, thus allowing for sustainable exploitation of energy resources by defining proper operational limits.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
James A. Dumesic
The research revolves around the theoretical study and development of heterogeneous catalysis and catalytic processes, forming the basis for the development of bio-refineries, where sustainably produced lignocellulosic biomass is converted into fuels and chemicals.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The research revolves around the theoretical study and development of heterogeneous catalysis and catalytic processes, forming the basis for the development of bio-refineries, where sustainably produced lignocellulosic biomass is converted into fuels and chemicals.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Michael Aziz
Organic flow batteries have the potential to store electricity in an economically sustainable way, so that it can be fed into the grid at a later date.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Organic flow batteries have the potential to store electricity in an economically sustainable way, so that it can be fed into the grid at a later date.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Roy Gordon
Organic flow batteries have the potential to store electricity in an economically sustainable way, so that it can be fed into the grid at a later date.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Organic flow batteries have the potential to store electricity in an economically sustainable way, so that it can be fed into the grid at a later date.
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INTERVIEW
Video interview
Paul Chirik
The study focuses on the application in catalysis of abundant Earth metals such as iron, cobalt and nickel, whose environmental footprint is lighter than the more precious metals currently used.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The study focuses on the application in catalysis of abundant Earth metals such as iron, cobalt and nickel, whose environmental footprint is lighter than the more precious metals currently used.
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INTERVIEW
Video interview
Emmanuel Kweinor Tetteh
The aim of the project was to modify, optimise and evaluate the performance of a continuous refinery wastewater treatment process using a pilot DAF (dissolved air flotation) technique, with the additional benefit of recovering oil from the water.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The aim of the project was to modify, optimise and evaluate the performance of a continuous refinery wastewater treatment process using a pilot DAF (dissolved air flotation) technique, with the additional benefit of recovering oil from the water.
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INTERVIEW
Video interview
Madina Mohamed Mahmmod Mohamed
The study describes the preparation of nanocomposite membranes of graphene oxide and cellulose acetate (GO/CA), intended for use in purifying brackish water.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The study describes the preparation of nanocomposite membranes of graphene oxide and cellulose acetate (GO/CA), intended for use in purifying brackish water.
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INTERVIEW
Alberto Pizzolato
The research focuses on the ability to convert sustainable energy technologies into competitive energy storage and conversion products.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The research focuses on the ability to convert sustainable energy technologies into competitive energy storage and conversion products.
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INTERVIEW
Video interview
Matteo Monai
The project has produced bespoke nanostructured materials that have different properties to their bulk counterparts and better catalytic performance for emission reduction and renewable fuel production.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The project has produced bespoke nanostructured materials that have different properties to their bulk counterparts and better catalytic performance for emission reduction and renewable fuel production.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Sebastiano Burrafato, Elisa Di Biase, Matia Minelli, Pasquale Cappuccio, Alberto Maliardi, Roberto Lorefice, Antonio Ciuca
The two-component system is an innovation that offers a cheaper and safer way to treat circulation losses. The resulting compound has high mechanical resistance and can resolve fluid leakage permanently.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The two-component system is an innovation that offers a cheaper and safer way to treat circulation losses. The resulting compound has high mechanical resistance and can resolve fluid leakage permanently.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Andrea Alessi, Elisabetta Boi, Carlo Cesari
Inertial Sea Wave Energy Converter 2.0 can generate renewable electricity from the boat's pitching motion via the gyroscopic effect. A technological innovation that responds to the crucial challenge faced by the energy sector: the transition to a low-carbon future.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Inertial Sea Wave Energy Converter 2.0 can generate renewable electricity from the boat's pitching motion via the gyroscopic effect. A technological innovation that responds to the crucial challenge faced by the energy sector: the transition to a low-carbon future.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Alfonso Amendola, Marco Piantanida, Stefano Carminati, Daniele Vanzan, Massimo Zampato (Eni), Sture Lygren (Vår Energy)
MASTER is a decision support system developed for the daily monitoring, management and optimisation of O&G plants mainly for the key areas of Integrity and Asset Management. The system is based on a combination of several innovative AI technologies: an Agent software architecture and an Agent Trading algorithm.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
MASTER is a decision support system developed for the daily monitoring, management and optimisation of O&G plants mainly for the key areas of Integrity and Asset Management. The system is based on a combination of several innovative AI technologies: an Agent software architecture and an Agent Trading algorithm.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Alaa Abbas
Research has demonstrated the benefits of special anodes made from nanoporous stainless steel, an efficient, long-lasting and cost-effective material that can improve the performance of microbial fuel cells (MFC): a system that generates electricity from organic matter and bacteria used in wastewater treatment.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Research has demonstrated the benefits of special anodes made from nanoporous stainless steel, an efficient, long-lasting and cost-effective material that can improve the performance of microbial fuel cells (MFC): a system that generates electricity from organic matter and bacteria used in wastewater treatment.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Chintamani Nages Ramachandra Rao
The research starts from a global scenario characterised by a growing demand for energy to identify hydrogen, a high-energy and practically inexhaustible vector, as a solution. Among the topics addressed in the study: materials for (photo)electrochemical and solar thermal hydrogen production, metal-free catalysis an hydrogen storage.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The research starts from a global scenario characterised by a growing demand for energy to identify hydrogen, a high-energy and practically inexhaustible vector, as a solution. Among the topics addressed in the study: materials for (photo)electrochemical and solar thermal hydrogen production, metal-free catalysis an hydrogen storage.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
David Allen
Using data collected from a large number of equipment and facilities across the oil and gas value chain, the research has developed new tools for accurately estimating methane emissions, optimizing mitigation actions and demonstrating, for the first time, that these emissions are due to a limited number of sites and equipment.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Using data collected from a large number of equipment and facilities across the oil and gas value chain, the research has developed new tools for accurately estimating methane emissions, optimizing mitigation actions and demonstrating, for the first time, that these emissions are due to a limited number of sites and equipment.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Francesca De Falco
The research focused on fibrous microplastics, or microfibres, released from synthetic textiles during washing or everyday actions. The study achieved three objectives: to develop experimental procedures to quantify microfibres released into water and air, to investigate the role of textile characteristics and washing conditions, and to propose mitigation strategies.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The research focused on fibrous microplastics, or microfibres, released from synthetic textiles during washing or everyday actions. The study achieved three objectives: to develop experimental procedures to quantify microfibres released into water and air, to investigate the role of textile characteristics and washing conditions, and to propose mitigation strategies.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Djalila Ben‐Bouchta
This work investigated the gender-energy-sustainability nexus by analyzing the electricity and renewable energy sectors in Egypt. Using literature researches and expert interviews, the study found that, by adopting a gender approach, Egypt's electricity and renewable energy sectors would have a high potential to achieve specific sustainable development goals.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This work investigated the gender-energy-sustainability nexus by analyzing the electricity and renewable energy sectors in Egypt. Using literature researches and expert interviews, the study found that, by adopting a gender approach, Egypt's electricity and renewable energy sectors would have a high potential to achieve specific sustainable development goals.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Jürgen Caro, Jörg Kärger
The research analysed in great detail the mass transfer that takes place in nanoporous materials, an essential component of many environmentally friendly separation technologies . In particular, their studies led to the development of new materials, capable of improving the operating conditions in numerous applications involving separation processes, with important benefits in environmental terms.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The research analysed in great detail the mass transfer that takes place in nanoporous materials, an essential component of many environmentally friendly separation technologies . In particular, their studies led to the development of new materials, capable of improving the operating conditions in numerous applications involving separation processes, with important benefits in environmental terms.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Matteo Morciano
The research addresses the problem of water scarcity in developing countries by proposing innovative desalination devices that are passive (i.e. they do not require any mechanical or electrical ancillaries) and powered by thermal solar energy. The work includes extensive theoretical-numerical and experimental investigations and also includes design and prototyping activities.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The research addresses the problem of water scarcity in developing countries by proposing innovative desalination devices that are passive (i.e. they do not require any mechanical or electrical ancillaries) and powered by thermal solar energy. The work includes extensive theoretical-numerical and experimental investigations and also includes design and prototyping activities.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Ahmed Mohamed Ismail Tarek
The research highlighted the implications of improper e-waste management in developing countries, taking Egypt as a case study. In the research, after comparing regulations in different countries and examining best practices and technologies for treatment and recycling, comprehensive guidelines for sustainable e-waste management are developed.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The research highlighted the implications of improper e-waste management in developing countries, taking Egypt as a case study. In the research, after comparing regulations in different countries and examining best practices and technologies for treatment and recycling, comprehensive guidelines for sustainable e-waste management are developed.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Roberto Millini, Michela Bellettato, Giuseppe Bellussi
Research has identified the parameters that allow the permanent CO₂ fixation reaction to be completed very quickly and with low energy consumption. The reaction product is used as a pozzolanic addition in the formulation of cements. This process may contribute to the decarbonisation not only of Eni's industrial activities, but also of a very important industrial sector such as cement production.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Research has identified the parameters that allow the permanent CO₂ fixation reaction to be completed very quickly and with low energy consumption. The reaction product is used as a pozzolanic addition in the formulation of cements. This process may contribute to the decarbonisation not only of Eni's industrial activities, but also of a very important industrial sector such as cement production.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Filomena Castaldo, Alessandro Riva, Orazio Lo Chiano
CO₂ biofixation is based on cultivation of microalgae to fix carbon dioxide in photobioreactors, illuminated by artificial light, converting CO₂ into algal biomass. The main product is algal biomass, known as 'algal flour', which may be marketable in food, cosmetics and nutraceuticals. Algal bio-oil could also be extracted from the ' flour', a possible feedstock for the production of advanced biofuel.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
CO₂ biofixation is based on cultivation of microalgae to fix carbon dioxide in photobioreactors, illuminated by artificial light, converting CO₂ into algal biomass. The main product is algal biomass, known as 'algal flour', which may be marketable in food, cosmetics and nutraceuticals. Algal bio-oil could also be extracted from the ' flour', a possible feedstock for the production of advanced biofuel.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Giovanna Carpani, Ilaria Pietrini
The e-limina trademark represents the integration of different technologies applicable to contaminated sites, integration that allows the development of specific protocols to reduce the risk inherent in the application of bioremediation, a risk that is related to the lack of knowledge of the initial microbiological picture and the active metabolic pathways. In addition, these protocols will be able to increase accuracy when monitoring the sites themselves.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The e-limina trademark represents the integration of different technologies applicable to contaminated sites, integration that allows the development of specific protocols to reduce the risk inherent in the application of bioremediation, a risk that is related to the lack of knowledge of the initial microbiological picture and the active metabolic pathways. In addition, these protocols will be able to increase accuracy when monitoring the sites themselves.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Ib Chorkendorff, Jens Nørskov
The drone currently developed has unique characteristics: ATEX Zone 2 certification; autonomous navigation in GPS-denied zones through on-board localization sensors; the possibility of transporting various types of sensors for methane detection inside the plants, along the inspection and maintenance routes, to detect the fugitive emissions for each single item of interest.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The drone currently developed has unique characteristics: ATEX Zone 2 certification; autonomous navigation in GPS-denied zones through on-board localization sensors; the possibility of transporting various types of sensors for methane detection inside the plants, along the inspection and maintenance routes, to detect the fugitive emissions for each single item of interest.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interviewNaomi Halas, Peter Nordlander
Halas and Nordlander have developed a new type of photocatalyst for sustainable catalysis, the plasmonic antenna-reactor. Metallic nanoparticles – optical antennas- whose collective electronic “plasmon” resonance can be excited by light, efficiently generating energetic electrons and holes, known as hot carriers. These light-generated hot carriers drive chemical reactions using electronic instead of thermal excitations: light instead of heat. This approach results in record high energy efficiencies for chemical reactions and substantially lowers the temperatures required for many chemical transformations of both fundamental and industrial importance. This new technology has been licensed to Syzygy Plasmonics, a startup company, for LED-driven green Hydrogen production and Hydrogen-on-Demand from Methane Steam Reforming and Ammonia Decomposition. Hydrogen is the ultimate sustainable fuel for transportation, currently limited by the high cost of production and transport. Plasmonic Antenna-Reactors enable economically and societally beneficial Hydrogen production in several ways. LED-driven antenna-reactors lower the reaction temperature so dramatically that Hydrogen can be produced in inexpensive reactors such as glass or plastic vessels, all while consuming methane, a greenhouse gas 25 times more dangerous than CO₂. Smaller, more compact light-driven Hydrogen reactors could be installed at points of use, minimizing or eliminating Hydrogen storage and transportation costs.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Halas and Nordlander have developed a new type of photocatalyst for sustainable catalysis, the plasmonic antenna-reactor. Metallic nanoparticles – optical antennas- whose collective electronic “plasmon” resonance can be excited by light, efficiently generating energetic electrons and holes, known as hot carriers. These light-generated hot carriers drive chemical reactions using electronic instead of thermal excitations: light instead of heat. This approach results in record high energy efficiencies for chemical reactions and substantially lowers the temperatures required for many chemical transformations of both fundamental and industrial importance. This new technology has been licensed to Syzygy Plasmonics, a startup company, for LED-driven green Hydrogen production and Hydrogen-on-Demand from Methane Steam Reforming and Ammonia Decomposition. Hydrogen is the ultimate sustainable fuel for transportation, currently limited by the high cost of production and transport. Plasmonic Antenna-Reactors enable economically and societally beneficial Hydrogen production in several ways. LED-driven antenna-reactors lower the reaction temperature so dramatically that Hydrogen can be produced in inexpensive reactors such as glass or plastic vessels, all while consuming methane, a greenhouse gas 25 times more dangerous than CO₂. Smaller, more compact light-driven Hydrogen reactors could be installed at points of use, minimizing or eliminating Hydrogen storage and transportation costs.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Geoffrey Coates
Society depends on polymers more now than at any other time in history. Although plastics are indispensable in a diverse array of applications, their synthesis and disposal pose critical environmental challenges. The focus of Professor Coates’ research is the development of sustainable routes to polymers that have reduced environmental impact. This has been achieved in four specific research areas: 1) chemically-recyclable plastics; 2) mechanical recycling of plastics; 3) photodegradable plastics; and 4) biodegradable plastics from renewable feedstocks. All four categories described above are being industrially pursued. Most notably, compatibilizers for mechanical recycling invented by the Coates Group are being commercialized by Intermix Performance Materials, and the thermocatalytic process to marine degradable poly(3-hydroxypropionate) (P3HP) discovered by the Coates group are being developed by Novomer/Danimer Scientific, who just announced an 84 kTon/yr plant to produce P3HP.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Society depends on polymers more now than at any other time in history. Although plastics are indispensable in a diverse array of applications, their synthesis and disposal pose critical environmental challenges. The focus of Professor Coates’ research is the development of sustainable routes to polymers that have reduced environmental impact. This has been achieved in four specific research areas: 1) chemically-recyclable plastics; 2) mechanical recycling of plastics; 3) photodegradable plastics; and 4) biodegradable plastics from renewable feedstocks. All four categories described above are being industrially pursued. Most notably, compatibilizers for mechanical recycling invented by the Coates Group are being commercialized by Intermix Performance Materials, and the thermocatalytic process to marine degradable poly(3-hydroxypropionate) (P3HP) discovered by the Coates group are being developed by Novomer/Danimer Scientific, who just announced an 84 kTon/yr plant to produce P3HP.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Isabella Fiorello
Among living organisms, climbing plants represent an important, yet innovative, source of inspiration for engineers due to their ability to adapt to diverse environments and colonize almost all habitats on Earth, and thus can be used as a model for prototyping soft machines capable to work in dynamic unstructured environments. This PhD research provides advances in bioinspired robotics fields, especially concerning the development of the first world-wide microhooks-based microfabricated materials capable to work in natural environments by mimicking the ratchet-like climbing mechanism of the hook-climber Galium aparine. Our prototypes demonstrated strong but reversible shear-dependent attachment (up to 14 N/cm²) to several microrough surfaces, including textiles, skin tissues and plant leaf tissues and were exploited in different applications. For example, our microhooks-based materials were embedded in a miniaturized robots for climbing over inclined rough surfaces, opening promising applications for robotic fields. Moreover, our microhooks-based materials were successfully used as a novel multifunctional tool for in situ leaf microclimate monitoring and localized delivery of plant treatments, opening new scenarios of applications in precision forestry and agriculture fields.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Among living organisms, climbing plants represent an important, yet innovative, source of inspiration for engineers due to their ability to adapt to diverse environments and colonize almost all habitats on Earth, and thus can be used as a model for prototyping soft machines capable to work in dynamic unstructured environments. This PhD research provides advances in bioinspired robotics fields, especially concerning the development of the first world-wide microhooks-based microfabricated materials capable to work in natural environments by mimicking the ratchet-like climbing mechanism of the hook-climber Galium aparine. Our prototypes demonstrated strong but reversible shear-dependent attachment (up to 14 N/cm²) to several microrough surfaces, including textiles, skin tissues and plant leaf tissues and were exploited in different applications. For example, our microhooks-based materials were embedded in a miniaturized robots for climbing over inclined rough surfaces, opening promising applications for robotic fields. Moreover, our microhooks-based materials were successfully used as a novel multifunctional tool for in situ leaf microclimate monitoring and localized delivery of plant treatments, opening new scenarios of applications in precision forestry and agriculture fields.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Giulia Fredi
Thermal energy storage (TES) consists in storing heat for later use, thereby reducing the gap between energy availability and demand. The most diffused materials for TES are the organic solid-liquid phase change materials (PCMs), such as paraffin waxes, which accumulate and release a high amount of latent heat through a solid-liquid phase change, at a nearly constant temperature. To avoid leakage and loss of material, PCMs are either encapsulated in inert shells or shape-stabilized with porous materials or a nanofiller network. Generally, TES systems are only a supplementary component added to the main structure of a device, but this could unacceptably raise the weight and volume of the device itself. Instead, it would be beneficial to embed the heat storage/management directly in the structural components. This thesis aims to develop polymer composites that combine a polymer matrix, a PCM, and a reinforcing agent, to reach a good balance of mechanical and TES properties. Since this research topic lacks a systematic investigation in the scientific literature, a wide range of polymer/PCM/reinforcement combinations were studied in this thesis, to highlight the effect of PCM introduction in various matrix/reinforcement combinations and to identify the best candidates and the key properties and parameters, with the aim of setting guidelines for the design of these materials. These multifunctional TES composites could be useful in applications where weight saving and thermal management are equally important, for example in the automotive and portable electronics fields, to produce structural components that also contribute to temperature regulation, so as to avoid overheating or energy wastes.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Thermal energy storage (TES) consists in storing heat for later use, thereby reducing the gap between energy availability and demand. The most diffused materials for TES are the organic solid-liquid phase change materials (PCMs), such as paraffin waxes, which accumulate and release a high amount of latent heat through a solid-liquid phase change, at a nearly constant temperature. To avoid leakage and loss of material, PCMs are either encapsulated in inert shells or shape-stabilized with porous materials or a nanofiller network. Generally, TES systems are only a supplementary component added to the main structure of a device, but this could unacceptably raise the weight and volume of the device itself. Instead, it would be beneficial to embed the heat storage/management directly in the structural components. This thesis aims to develop polymer composites that combine a polymer matrix, a PCM, and a reinforcing agent, to reach a good balance of mechanical and TES properties. Since this research topic lacks a systematic investigation in the scientific literature, a wide range of polymer/PCM/reinforcement combinations were studied in this thesis, to highlight the effect of PCM introduction in various matrix/reinforcement combinations and to identify the best candidates and the key properties and parameters, with the aim of setting guidelines for the design of these materials. These multifunctional TES composites could be useful in applications where weight saving and thermal management are equally important, for example in the automotive and portable electronics fields, to produce structural components that also contribute to temperature regulation, so as to avoid overheating or energy wastes.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Yousif Adam
The research assessed the use of microalgae for bioremediating wastewater from greenhouse farm and for producing biomass under different conditions and explored the economic implications of microalgal biofuels, focusing on the effect of different cultivation modes. Various experiments were carried out to assess the effect of different conditions into the nutrient removal and biomass production of C. vulgaris. It was observed that the cultivation of C. vulgaris under mixotrophic mode was found to be more beneficial in the bioremediation of hydroponic and aquaponic wastewater and in the production of biomass and to be more feasible in the economic benefits. Potentially, this research could make a positive contribution to the existing wastewater treatment technologies and simultaneously contribute towards boosting the prospects of the use of wastewater in microalgae cultivation for sustainable production of biofuels. This in turn would alleviate a lot of the environmental impacts associated with the wastewater treatment plants and thereby advances efforts towards the achievement of the sustainable development goals.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The research assessed the use of microalgae for bioremediating wastewater from greenhouse farm and for producing biomass under different conditions and explored the economic implications of microalgal biofuels, focusing on the effect of different cultivation modes. Various experiments were carried out to assess the effect of different conditions into the nutrient removal and biomass production of C. vulgaris. It was observed that the cultivation of C. vulgaris under mixotrophic mode was found to be more beneficial in the bioremediation of hydroponic and aquaponic wastewater and in the production of biomass and to be more feasible in the economic benefits. Potentially, this research could make a positive contribution to the existing wastewater treatment technologies and simultaneously contribute towards boosting the prospects of the use of wastewater in microalgae cultivation for sustainable production of biofuels. This in turn would alleviate a lot of the environmental impacts associated with the wastewater treatment plants and thereby advances efforts towards the achievement of the sustainable development goals.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Ibrahim Mohamed Ibrahim
Solar energy power prediction is vital process for installed and planned power plants to evaluate the system performance. The grid requires balanced energy sources to operate in a stable fashion and respond to consumer demand that’s why power prediction takes the world concern nowadays. This study investigates the performance of 4.5 MWp solar field located at the California Polytechnic State University at San Luis Obispo, California, USA. The system was real-time monitored for one year to study its performance. A representative identical model was then designed and built on a solar performance modeling software “PlantPredict” in order to validate the software. After that, the model was used in a computational framework to predict the energy injected into the grid for photovoltaic solar farms in Egypt based on power prediction methodology. The actual energy generation of the field was compared to the predicted energy. Egypt’s case study was then used as a pilot project to optimize some design parameters to study its effect and the suitability of the power generation in Egypt’s The power generation prediction of Egypt’s locations shows that the Red Sea has the highest energy potential with 14.39 GWh/year. This is 13.39% per year more than Aswan and West and East Nile locations. the most suitable modules are Polycrystalline.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Solar energy power prediction is vital process for installed and planned power plants to evaluate the system performance. The grid requires balanced energy sources to operate in a stable fashion and respond to consumer demand that’s why power prediction takes the world concern nowadays. This study investigates the performance of 4.5 MWp solar field located at the California Polytechnic State University at San Luis Obispo, California, USA. The system was real-time monitored for one year to study its performance. A representative identical model was then designed and built on a solar performance modeling software “PlantPredict” in order to validate the software. After that, the model was used in a computational framework to predict the energy injected into the grid for photovoltaic solar farms in Egypt based on power prediction methodology. The actual energy generation of the field was compared to the predicted energy. Egypt’s case study was then used as a pilot project to optimize some design parameters to study its effect and the suitability of the power generation in Egypt’s The power generation prediction of Egypt’s locations shows that the Red Sea has the highest energy potential with 14.39 GWh/year. This is 13.39% per year more than Aswan and West and East Nile locations. the most suitable modules are Polycrystalline.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Andsera Adugna Mekonen
Landslides necessitate comprehensive prediction of susceptible zones for timely intervention to mitigate any disaster. Present study at Beshilo-watershed in Amhara Regional State of Ethiopia was attempted to prepare landslide susceptibility zonation (LSZ) map and to carry out risk assessment. GIS-based multi-criteria decision analysis was adopted by considering factors; land-use/land-cover, slope, elevation, aspect, drainage-density, rainfall, lithology, lineament/fault density, soil depth, and texture. Factor weights were determined through Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the factor classes rating were assigned through logical judgment. Landslide susceptibility indices were determined based on a continuous numerical scale developed for this purpose. Very high and high susceptibility zones were found to spread in 1215.28 km² and 2279.87 km², respectively in the eastern and north- eastern parts that are characterized by high lineament/fault density, barren lands, shrubs, bushes, grassland, or croplands mostly having unconsolidated soils with shallow depth. The Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve showed acceptable results. Further, risk assessment indicated that populations in high to very high-risk zones need timely attention of the local authorities to avert any unwanted happenings.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Landslides necessitate comprehensive prediction of susceptible zones for timely intervention to mitigate any disaster. Present study at Beshilo-watershed in Amhara Regional State of Ethiopia was attempted to prepare landslide susceptibility zonation (LSZ) map and to carry out risk assessment. GIS-based multi-criteria decision analysis was adopted by considering factors; land-use/land-cover, slope, elevation, aspect, drainage-density, rainfall, lithology, lineament/fault density, soil depth, and texture. Factor weights were determined through Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the factor classes rating were assigned through logical judgment. Landslide susceptibility indices were determined based on a continuous numerical scale developed for this purpose. Very high and high susceptibility zones were found to spread in 1215.28 km² and 2279.87 km², respectively in the eastern and north- eastern parts that are characterized by high lineament/fault density, barren lands, shrubs, bushes, grassland, or croplands mostly having unconsolidated soils with shallow depth. The Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve showed acceptable results. Further, risk assessment indicated that populations in high to very high-risk zones need timely attention of the local authorities to avert any unwanted happenings.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Andris Metumo Simeon
The use of static and rotational generators in standalone microgrids results in the different fault currents within the microgrids. Therefore, this serves as the main challenge associated with small scale standalone microgrids. Currently, the Tsumkwe microgrid being used as a case study in this research is only protected using molded case circuit breakers and thermal fuses. Although the current protection is simple and inexpensive to implement, it is associated with shortcomings when weighed against the essential microgrid requirement of fast and coordinated fault clearance. Therefore, this research aimed to look at how an overcurrent protection scheme can be applied to effectively protect standalone microgrids using the fault current study results considering fault contributions from static and rotational generators. The overcurrent coordinated protection scheme to be applied should be able to isolate and clear faults reliably and within the shortest time possible. A well-coordinated protection scheme allows for improved reliability indices in protection systems. A coordinated protection scheme will also allow for the protection scheme to satisfy the primary and secondary protection coordination requirements set out in the IEEE Recommended Practice for Protection and Coordination of Industrial and Commercial Power Systems, standard 242.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The use of static and rotational generators in standalone microgrids results in the different fault currents within the microgrids. Therefore, this serves as the main challenge associated with small scale standalone microgrids. Currently, the Tsumkwe microgrid being used as a case study in this research is only protected using molded case circuit breakers and thermal fuses. Although the current protection is simple and inexpensive to implement, it is associated with shortcomings when weighed against the essential microgrid requirement of fast and coordinated fault clearance. Therefore, this research aimed to look at how an overcurrent protection scheme can be applied to effectively protect standalone microgrids using the fault current study results considering fault contributions from static and rotational generators. The overcurrent coordinated protection scheme to be applied should be able to isolate and clear faults reliably and within the shortest time possible. A well-coordinated protection scheme allows for improved reliability indices in protection systems. A coordinated protection scheme will also allow for the protection scheme to satisfy the primary and secondary protection coordination requirements set out in the IEEE Recommended Practice for Protection and Coordination of Industrial and Commercial Power Systems, standard 242.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interviewPaolo Biagini, Riccardo Po’, Francesco Bisconti, Antonella Giuri, Aurora Rizzo, Silvia Colella
Perovskite solar cells are considered promising thin film photovoltaic technology due to their high efficiency, cost effective fabrication techniques, and low material costs. In this Patent Eni explored new composite materials based on hydroxyethyl cellulose and perovskite in a well-defined range of composition suitable to obtain semitransparent photovoltaic devices and a production process, which thanks to the use of hydroxyethyl cellulose, allows to deposit the photoactive layer in a single step with an expected cost reduction compared with the state of art. These features open possible uses that are not allowed to opaque solar technologies, such as the building integration on vertical façades, an interesting and potentially enormous field of application fostered by the recent European and international directives on buildings energy efficiency.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Perovskite solar cells are considered promising thin film photovoltaic technology due to their high efficiency, cost effective fabrication techniques, and low material costs. In this Patent Eni explored new composite materials based on hydroxyethyl cellulose and perovskite in a well-defined range of composition suitable to obtain semitransparent photovoltaic devices and a production process, which thanks to the use of hydroxyethyl cellulose, allows to deposit the photoactive layer in a single step with an expected cost reduction compared with the state of art. These features open possible uses that are not allowed to opaque solar technologies, such as the building integration on vertical façades, an interesting and potentially enormous field of application fostered by the recent European and international directives on buildings energy efficiency.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Gabriele Gatti, Costantino Perretta
The innovative technological platform developed by Versalis implements a line of innovative products, with a variable content of recycled material deriving from End‐of‐Life‐Tires (ELT). Thanks to this technological platform, beside circular economy aspects, the innovative products allow a significant reduction of time, energy consumption and carbon footprint in the overall tire production chain. In 2021, the new technological platform has been validated at pilot plant scale and also in industrial environment through successful industrial campaign for two different prototypes. The new grade marketing promotion is already underway with the major tire manufacturers.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The innovative technological platform developed by Versalis implements a line of innovative products, with a variable content of recycled material deriving from End‐of‐Life‐Tires (ELT). Thanks to this technological platform, beside circular economy aspects, the innovative products allow a significant reduction of time, energy consumption and carbon footprint in the overall tire production chain. In 2021, the new technological platform has been validated at pilot plant scale and also in industrial environment through successful industrial campaign for two different prototypes. The new grade marketing promotion is already underway with the major tire manufacturers.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Andrea Chiodini, Stefano Loda, Francesca Rubertelli
e-lorec® represents an innovative solution for aquifer remediation in case of extended DNAPLs (Dense Non-Acqueous Phase Liquids) contamination. It allows the completely automatic and selective recovery of organic phase from piezometric wells, where no water is recovered. The results of a preliminary technical economic evaluation, where e-lorec® device and the traditional method are compared, underline the potential of the automatic device to reduce remediation costs and optimize the recovery phase. Moreover, the automatic device reduces drastically the human exposition at hazardous chemicals. During 2021 four prototypes, realized in R&D labs, were tested in different sites in Italy where DNAPL is present.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
e-lorec® represents an innovative solution for aquifer remediation in case of extended DNAPLs (Dense Non-Acqueous Phase Liquids) contamination. It allows the completely automatic and selective recovery of organic phase from piezometric wells, where no water is recovered. The results of a preliminary technical economic evaluation, where e-lorec® device and the traditional method are compared, underline the potential of the automatic device to reduce remediation costs and optimize the recovery phase. Moreover, the automatic device reduces drastically the human exposition at hazardous chemicals. During 2021 four prototypes, realized in R&D labs, were tested in different sites in Italy where DNAPL is present.
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INTERVIEW
Matthew Rosseinsky
To meet the global challenges of a growing population and climate change, we must attain superior performance by design from materials that overcome the restrictions imposed by strategic and sustainability considerations. The discovery synthesis of new materials is at the extreme forefront of this endeavour. The scale of the scientific challenge in designing and realising the atomic arrangements required for functional performance is set by the astronomical number of possible atomic combinations and materials structures. Current approaches are too slow to tackle this challenge. Matthew Rosseinsky, working with a team of colleagues, postdoctoral researchers and research students, has developed a new approach that fuses digital tools with the experimental exploration of uncharted chemistry to accelerate materials discovery. This combination of artificial intelligence, machine learning and physics-based computation with automation has enabled the successful navigation of large chemical spaces to realise materials in the laboratory for applications spanning catalysis to batteries. The resulting new arrangements of matter can transform our control of the foundational physical properties that underpin technology. One example is their discovery of the inorganic material with the lowest reported thermal conductivity, a key property for application including thermal barrier coatings for gas turbines and thermoelectric waste heat harvesting
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
To meet the global challenges of a growing population and climate change, we must attain superior performance by design from materials that overcome the restrictions imposed by strategic and sustainability considerations. The discovery synthesis of new materials is at the extreme forefront of this endeavour. The scale of the scientific challenge in designing and realising the atomic arrangements required for functional performance is set by the astronomical number of possible atomic combinations and materials structures. Current approaches are too slow to tackle this challenge. Matthew Rosseinsky, working with a team of colleagues, postdoctoral researchers and research students, has developed a new approach that fuses digital tools with the experimental exploration of uncharted chemistry to accelerate materials discovery. This combination of artificial intelligence, machine learning and physics-based computation with automation has enabled the successful navigation of large chemical spaces to realise materials in the laboratory for applications spanning catalysis to batteries. The resulting new arrangements of matter can transform our control of the foundational physical properties that underpin technology. One example is their discovery of the inorganic material with the lowest reported thermal conductivity, a key property for application including thermal barrier coatings for gas turbines and thermoelectric waste heat harvesting
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Yu Huang
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are of immense interest as a zero-emission power source to replace internal combustion engines for transportation, and greatly reduced CO₂ emission worldwide. Platinum (Pt) group metals (PGMs) are indispensable catalyst materials for the current commercial PEMFCs, especially for accelerating the sluggish cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, the amount of PGM catalysts used in current commercial Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEV) is too high to be sustainable. This represents the most critical roadblock for the broad implementation of PEMFCs. Development of ORR catalysts that are both active and durable has remained a far-fetched goal despite extensive efforts. To this end, Professor Huang has designed highly robust fuel cell catalysts with record high activity that outperform commercial catalyst by nearly two orders of magnitude, marking a critical step forward to broad dissemination of PEMFC technologies. Huang’s efforts in catalyst development do not stop at lab scale. She has scaled the catalyst production and demonstrated the actual performance at the device level. Huang has been actively working on industrial partners aiming to incorporate her catalysts into the next generation clean energy powered vehicles with zero emission.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are of immense interest as a zero-emission power source to replace internal combustion engines for transportation, and greatly reduced CO₂ emission worldwide. Platinum (Pt) group metals (PGMs) are indispensable catalyst materials for the current commercial PEMFCs, especially for accelerating the sluggish cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, the amount of PGM catalysts used in current commercial Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEV) is too high to be sustainable. This represents the most critical roadblock for the broad implementation of PEMFCs. Development of ORR catalysts that are both active and durable has remained a far-fetched goal despite extensive efforts. To this end, Professor Huang has designed highly robust fuel cell catalysts with record high activity that outperform commercial catalyst by nearly two orders of magnitude, marking a critical step forward to broad dissemination of PEMFC technologies. Huang’s efforts in catalyst development do not stop at lab scale. She has scaled the catalyst production and demonstrated the actual performance at the device level. Huang has been actively working on industrial partners aiming to incorporate her catalysts into the next generation clean energy powered vehicles with zero emission.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Jeffrey R. Long
Industrial separations of gases, including carbon dioxide capture, are often carried out using temperature or pressure swing adsorption. Here, selective uptake from the mixture occurs at low temperature or high pressure, and the pure adsorbate is then released at a higher temperature or lower pressure. Traditional adsorbents display sloping, Langmuir-type uptake that limits performance. In contrast, Prof. Jeffrey R. Long has discovered, developed, and commercialized cooperative adsorbent materials, wherein chemically selective binding at one site activates neighboring sites, leading to a step-shaped adsorption profile. This phenomenon allows a high separation capacity to be achieved with small temperature or pressure swings, dramatically reducing the energy required for a separation. Cooperative adsorption of this type was known to occur in nature—for example as the mechanism that enables the uptake and release of four dioxygen molecules simultaneously by hemoglobin—but had never been observed at high density in a porous material prior to the discovery by Long. Of particular significance, the diamine-appended metal–organic frameworks developed in his laboratory for the cooperative adsorption of CO₂ provide the basis for commercial technologies now being deployed for its removal directly from air and from flue gases.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Industrial separations of gases, including carbon dioxide capture, are often carried out using temperature or pressure swing adsorption. Here, selective uptake from the mixture occurs at low temperature or high pressure, and the pure adsorbate is then released at a higher temperature or lower pressure. Traditional adsorbents display sloping, Langmuir-type uptake that limits performance. In contrast, Prof. Jeffrey R. Long has discovered, developed, and commercialized cooperative adsorbent materials, wherein chemically selective binding at one site activates neighboring sites, leading to a step-shaped adsorption profile. This phenomenon allows a high separation capacity to be achieved with small temperature or pressure swings, dramatically reducing the energy required for a separation. Cooperative adsorption of this type was known to occur in nature—for example as the mechanism that enables the uptake and release of four dioxygen molecules simultaneously by hemoglobin—but had never been observed at high density in a porous material prior to the discovery by Long. Of particular significance, the diamine-appended metal–organic frameworks developed in his laboratory for the cooperative adsorption of CO₂ provide the basis for commercial technologies now being deployed for its removal directly from air and from flue gases.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Thalappil Pradeep
Thalappil Pradeep discovered nanomaterials-based methods for removing pesticides, arsenic, iron, and uranium from water and implemented these technologies to provide clean drinking water in communities across India. He introduced the very first drinking water filters in the market utilising nanochemistry. This work showed the complete mineralisation of common pesticides in water by noble metal nanoparticles, at room temperature and at concentrations of relevance to drinking water. Later he introduced advanced and affordable nanomaterials to bring down the concentration of arsenate and arsenite ions in water selectively below the drinking water limits. The core of this development is the creation of functional ‘water positive’ materials confined to nanoscale cages, prepared in water with soluble ingredients, finally making insoluble sand-like particles without the use of power, in a green process akin to biology. The materials produced do not impact the environment even after their useful life as the filters after saturation can safely go back to the same land where the contaminants came from. His other discoveries in the areas of molecular and nanoscale materials and associated phenomena have implications to clean environment and ultrasensitive devices. He founded the International Centre for Clean Water (http://www.iccw.world) open to all, where advanced science, technology development, and business incubation on water can happen simultaneously in an academic setting, contributing to a water-secure world.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Thalappil Pradeep discovered nanomaterials-based methods for removing pesticides, arsenic, iron, and uranium from water and implemented these technologies to provide clean drinking water in communities across India. He introduced the very first drinking water filters in the market utilising nanochemistry. This work showed the complete mineralisation of common pesticides in water by noble metal nanoparticles, at room temperature and at concentrations of relevance to drinking water. Later he introduced advanced and affordable nanomaterials to bring down the concentration of arsenate and arsenite ions in water selectively below the drinking water limits. The core of this development is the creation of functional ‘water positive’ materials confined to nanoscale cages, prepared in water with soluble ingredients, finally making insoluble sand-like particles without the use of power, in a green process akin to biology. The materials produced do not impact the environment even after their useful life as the filters after saturation can safely go back to the same land where the contaminants came from. His other discoveries in the areas of molecular and nanoscale materials and associated phenomena have implications to clean environment and ultrasensitive devices. He founded the International Centre for Clean Water (http://www.iccw.world) open to all, where advanced science, technology development, and business incubation on water can happen simultaneously in an academic setting, contributing to a water-secure world.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Michele Ghini
This PhD thesis focuses on emerging heterostructures based on Doped Metal Oxide Nanocrystals (NCs) and two-dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (2D TMDs) for innovative light-driven optoelectronic nanodevices and energy storage solutions, combining the harvesting, conversion and storage aspects into a unique hybrid nanomaterial. Metal Oxide NCs are attracting growing interest as nano-supercapacitors due to their ability to store extra charges in their electronic structure with record-high values of capacitance. Remarkably, these materials can be charged purely with light in the so-called photodoping process. Here, the fundamental features involved in the charge accumulation process are investigated and the physics of photodoping unveiled. Complete control over energetic band bending and depletion layer engineering is demonstrated, exposing the key role of electronically depleted layers in core-shell NCs and enabling the optimization of the system. Moreover, reversible multi-electron transfer reactions were employed to collect the extra charges and the coupling with 2D materials enabled the stable operation in air. All-solid-state photodoping in the 0D-2D hybrid was proven with promising charging dynamics and capacitance values. Theoretical modeling tools were developed, leading to a significant enhancement of the charge storage capacity. This work is of particular interest for the fabrication of the next-generation of nanostructured light-driven supercapacitors.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This PhD thesis focuses on emerging heterostructures based on Doped Metal Oxide Nanocrystals (NCs) and two-dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (2D TMDs) for innovative light-driven optoelectronic nanodevices and energy storage solutions, combining the harvesting, conversion and storage aspects into a unique hybrid nanomaterial. Metal Oxide NCs are attracting growing interest as nano-supercapacitors due to their ability to store extra charges in their electronic structure with record-high values of capacitance. Remarkably, these materials can be charged purely with light in the so-called photodoping process. Here, the fundamental features involved in the charge accumulation process are investigated and the physics of photodoping unveiled. Complete control over energetic band bending and depletion layer engineering is demonstrated, exposing the key role of electronically depleted layers in core-shell NCs and enabling the optimization of the system. Moreover, reversible multi-electron transfer reactions were employed to collect the extra charges and the coupling with 2D materials enabled the stable operation in air. All-solid-state photodoping in the 0D-2D hybrid was proven with promising charging dynamics and capacitance values. Theoretical modeling tools were developed, leading to a significant enhancement of the charge storage capacity. This work is of particular interest for the fabrication of the next-generation of nanostructured light-driven supercapacitors.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Hilmar del Carmen Guzmán Medina
The development of efficient CO₂ utilisation technologies is mandatory to reduce the impact of climate change. To this purpose, low-cost noble-metal free metal oxide materials were developed with an innovative ultrasounds assisted synthesis technique. The process was standardised for the reproducible and scalable preparation of Cu-based catalysts and electrodes, which selectively produce high energy density fuels (e.g., alcohols) from the electrocatalytic CO₂ conversion. By tuning the porous structure of the copper catalysts through precursor concentration, boron content, precipitation time, calcination temperature, and calcination atmosphere it was possible to improve the catalyst performance, reaching >10% of Faradaic efficiency (FE) to ethanol. The selectivity of the catalysts changed from syngas (CO, H2) production (>80 % of FE) to more liquid products (e.g., Methanol (FE ̴ 32%) or 2-Propanol (FE ̴ 25%)) when moving from a CO₂ saturated system to a Gas Diffusion Electrode-configuration. The carbon footprint of the scale up electrochemical (EC) process scored 2.72 kg CO₂eq/kg CH3OH by simulating a current density of the EC cell of 200 mA cm-2 and 100% of the power from renewable electricity sources. The best strategies were highlighted to make the CO₂ electrochemical conversion competitive. Despite its relative immaturity (TRLs from 3 to 6), the results suggested that there are now lower obstacles for the EC CO₂ conversion commercialisation. In this regard, a modular, automated, and computerised test bench was designed and manufactured to carry out electrocatalytic measurements at TRL4/5 to increase current progress.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The development of efficient CO₂ utilisation technologies is mandatory to reduce the impact of climate change. To this purpose, low-cost noble-metal free metal oxide materials were developed with an innovative ultrasounds assisted synthesis technique. The process was standardised for the reproducible and scalable preparation of Cu-based catalysts and electrodes, which selectively produce high energy density fuels (e.g., alcohols) from the electrocatalytic CO₂ conversion. By tuning the porous structure of the copper catalysts through precursor concentration, boron content, precipitation time, calcination temperature, and calcination atmosphere it was possible to improve the catalyst performance, reaching >10% of Faradaic efficiency (FE) to ethanol. The selectivity of the catalysts changed from syngas (CO, H2) production (>80 % of FE) to more liquid products (e.g., Methanol (FE ̴ 32%) or 2-Propanol (FE ̴ 25%)) when moving from a CO₂ saturated system to a Gas Diffusion Electrode-configuration. The carbon footprint of the scale up electrochemical (EC) process scored 2.72 kg CO₂eq/kg CH3OH by simulating a current density of the EC cell of 200 mA cm-2 and 100% of the power from renewable electricity sources. The best strategies were highlighted to make the CO₂ electrochemical conversion competitive. Despite its relative immaturity (TRLs from 3 to 6), the results suggested that there are now lower obstacles for the EC CO₂ conversion commercialisation. In this regard, a modular, automated, and computerised test bench was designed and manufactured to carry out electrocatalytic measurements at TRL4/5 to increase current progress.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Gloria Amo-Duodu
The key objective of the study was to synthesize, characterize and apply magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) as additives in anaerobic digestion (AD) for the enhancement of biogas produced from various wastewater sources in South Africa. The study examined the feasibility of using five different synthesized magnetic nanoparticles, magnetite copper ferrite, nickel ferrite, magnesium ferrite and aluminium ferrite to enhance biogas production from three different wastewater samples (sugar refinery, domestic and municipal wastewater). This study demonstrated that the use of magnetite in wastewater treatment and biogas enhancement could potentially be employed by treatment plants and industries for high-quality biogas generation. The study examined the issue of waste management as well as potential solutions to the energy crisis. This technology developed from the study can also be used to produce an alternate energy source in the renewable energy mix. The technology can be applied in all treatment plants to handle waste with a high organic content. The generated energy can also be used as a renewable energy source. The society will gain from its ability to manage waste while also adding value to it by producing energy.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The key objective of the study was to synthesize, characterize and apply magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) as additives in anaerobic digestion (AD) for the enhancement of biogas produced from various wastewater sources in South Africa. The study examined the feasibility of using five different synthesized magnetic nanoparticles, magnetite copper ferrite, nickel ferrite, magnesium ferrite and aluminium ferrite to enhance biogas production from three different wastewater samples (sugar refinery, domestic and municipal wastewater). This study demonstrated that the use of magnetite in wastewater treatment and biogas enhancement could potentially be employed by treatment plants and industries for high-quality biogas generation. The study examined the issue of waste management as well as potential solutions to the energy crisis. This technology developed from the study can also be used to produce an alternate energy source in the renewable energy mix. The technology can be applied in all treatment plants to handle waste with a high organic content. The generated energy can also be used as a renewable energy source. The society will gain from its ability to manage waste while also adding value to it by producing energy.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Elshaday Mulu Fetene
Biogas is available in most rural area because of abundance of organic substrates. The aim of my research was to expand biogas applicability and increase its environmental sustainability. Currently, biogas has limited application due to its high content of the contaminants. In addition, biogas contaminants affect the environment and human health. Even though biogas can run a diesel engine, its high content of carbon dioxide limits its application. Therefore, it should be upgraded. Biogas can be upgraded using modern technologies. However, these are very expensive and complicated to apply. Due to these reasons, they are not applied mostly in developing countries. Therefore, in this research biogas was upgraded using natural adsorbent including clay, zeolite and wood ash. Wood ash through carbonation process had high carbon uptake capacity and similarly activated clay through dry adsorption process showed high carbon uptake capacity. The results showed that biogas upgrading can be applicable for small scale biogas digesters. In addition, it can be used to generate clean bioemethane for engine fuel. To advance the sustainability and quality of biogas, upgrade using natural sorbents materials is one of the options. Furthermore, the natural materials are abundantly and cheaply available in developing countries. Therefore, this research recommends upgrading of biogas using natural materials to enhance its safety and wide applications.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Biogas is available in most rural area because of abundance of organic substrates. The aim of my research was to expand biogas applicability and increase its environmental sustainability. Currently, biogas has limited application due to its high content of the contaminants. In addition, biogas contaminants affect the environment and human health. Even though biogas can run a diesel engine, its high content of carbon dioxide limits its application. Therefore, it should be upgraded. Biogas can be upgraded using modern technologies. However, these are very expensive and complicated to apply. Due to these reasons, they are not applied mostly in developing countries. Therefore, in this research biogas was upgraded using natural adsorbent including clay, zeolite and wood ash. Wood ash through carbonation process had high carbon uptake capacity and similarly activated clay through dry adsorption process showed high carbon uptake capacity. The results showed that biogas upgrading can be applicable for small scale biogas digesters. In addition, it can be used to generate clean bioemethane for engine fuel. To advance the sustainability and quality of biogas, upgrade using natural sorbents materials is one of the options. Furthermore, the natural materials are abundantly and cheaply available in developing countries. Therefore, this research recommends upgrading of biogas using natural materials to enhance its safety and wide applications.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Tsion Ayalew Kebede
Urban areas are heterogeneous in their spectral characteristics. Extraction of such built-up regions is still challenging due to spatial, spectral, and temporal variability and as a result reduce mapping accuracy. Hence, this study examines the performance of seven spectral built-up indices in the classification and change detection of impervious surfaces using sentinel-2A MSI imageries in Addis Ababa city. All the built-up indices maps were classified into built-up and non-built-up areas and evaluated based on histogram overlap and statistical methods, namely spectral discrimination index (SDI). Simultaneously, a machine learning method called support vector machine (SVM) was employed to classify the imageries into five classes: bare land, built-up, forest, vegetation, and water bodies. The finding of the study indicated that, NBAI, NBI, and NDBI were more robust built-up indices with kappa coefficient, (90%, 87%, and 81%), (86%, 85%, and 80%) and (92%, 93%, and 86%) for the years 2016, 2018, and 2020, respectively. Also, the overall classification accuracy using SVM is 81%, 86%, and 82% for 2016, 2018, and 2020, respectively. Thus, previous-impervious surface ratio information is required in various applications of land use planning, disaster prediction and to make more informed decisions on future resource management.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Urban areas are heterogeneous in their spectral characteristics. Extraction of such built-up regions is still challenging due to spatial, spectral, and temporal variability and as a result reduce mapping accuracy. Hence, this study examines the performance of seven spectral built-up indices in the classification and change detection of impervious surfaces using sentinel-2A MSI imageries in Addis Ababa city. All the built-up indices maps were classified into built-up and non-built-up areas and evaluated based on histogram overlap and statistical methods, namely spectral discrimination index (SDI). Simultaneously, a machine learning method called support vector machine (SVM) was employed to classify the imageries into five classes: bare land, built-up, forest, vegetation, and water bodies. The finding of the study indicated that, NBAI, NBI, and NDBI were more robust built-up indices with kappa coefficient, (90%, 87%, and 81%), (86%, 85%, and 80%) and (92%, 93%, and 86%) for the years 2016, 2018, and 2020, respectively. Also, the overall classification accuracy using SVM is 81%, 86%, and 82% for 2016, 2018, and 2020, respectively. Thus, previous-impervious surface ratio information is required in various applications of land use planning, disaster prediction and to make more informed decisions on future resource management.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interview
Natnael Tilahun Sinshaw
This research focuses on enhancing potato cultivation in developing countries, particularly in Ethiopia, by addressing the challenge of low yields caused by plant diseases, such as Late Blight. Through the utilization of computer vision via a deep learning algorithm called Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), the study achieves an impressive 87% accuracy in detecting potato leaf disease in authentic cultivation farm images, using the InceptionV3 pretrained model. The potential applications of this research are highly promising. Swift and accurate detection of potato diseases empowers farmers to implement timely measures, leading to increased crop yields and improved food security. The algorithm's adaptability in noisy environments and automatic feature extraction significantly enhances its real-world accuracy. The implementation of this research holds the potential to revolutionize potato cultivation in Ethiopia and other developing regions, positively impacting society through higher agricultural productivity and sustainable food production.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This research focuses on enhancing potato cultivation in developing countries, particularly in Ethiopia, by addressing the challenge of low yields caused by plant diseases, such as Late Blight. Through the utilization of computer vision via a deep learning algorithm called Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), the study achieves an impressive 87% accuracy in detecting potato leaf disease in authentic cultivation farm images, using the InceptionV3 pretrained model. The potential applications of this research are highly promising. Swift and accurate detection of potato diseases empowers farmers to implement timely measures, leading to increased crop yields and improved food security. The algorithm's adaptability in noisy environments and automatic feature extraction significantly enhances its real-world accuracy. The implementation of this research holds the potential to revolutionize potato cultivation in Ethiopia and other developing regions, positively impacting society through higher agricultural productivity and sustainable food production.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Video interviewAldo Bosetti, Luca Madia, Carmen Samà, Massimo Zampato
The invention is related to a shell & tube reactor dedicated and optimized to perform reaction at high temperature, which is really challenging due to critical issues related to thermal resistance of materials at such temperatures and in presence of water and oxidants. Special metal alloys and common ceramic materials are not useful in this field and are not considered safe for continuous use. This new shell & tube reactor overcomes the above limitations thanks to a combo-selection design of specifically doped mixture ceramic materials, which increases toughness, and with a specific surface finishing, which allows to increase the heat exchange minimizing heat losses. It could be used, for example, to produce hydrogen or methanol with high-T renewable energy sources, such as heat energy from concentrated solar power plants (CSP).
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The invention is related to a shell & tube reactor dedicated and optimized to perform reaction at high temperature, which is really challenging due to critical issues related to thermal resistance of materials at such temperatures and in presence of water and oxidants. Special metal alloys and common ceramic materials are not useful in this field and are not considered safe for continuous use. This new shell & tube reactor overcomes the above limitations thanks to a combo-selection design of specifically doped mixture ceramic materials, which increases toughness, and with a specific surface finishing, which allows to increase the heat exchange minimizing heat losses. It could be used, for example, to produce hydrogen or methanol with high-T renewable energy sources, such as heat energy from concentrated solar power plants (CSP).
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Antonio Amico, Giulio Assanelli, Lucia Bonoldi, Marcello Notari, Riccardo Po’, Luca Serbolisca
The technology is able to generate tailor made products for the specific needs of the different applications, such as coatings and paints. The performance arises from the capability for FLG (few layers graphite) to create a specific micro-environment able, in conjunction with suitable booster and coadiuvants, to be active versus the proliferation of bacteria, virus, microorganism and corrosive and fouling processes. FLG are in the form of a liquid dispersion (LD), stable and easy to handle. All products of the FLG-LD Technology platform are metal-free and specifically designed for the target application. The FLD-LD production process is based on low cost components, does not required relevant energy consumption (being conducted at Room Temperature and Atmospheric Pressure) and does not include any specific HSE concern during handling production and packaging.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The technology is able to generate tailor made products for the specific needs of the different applications, such as coatings and paints. The performance arises from the capability for FLG (few layers graphite) to create a specific micro-environment able, in conjunction with suitable booster and coadiuvants, to be active versus the proliferation of bacteria, virus, microorganism and corrosive and fouling processes. FLG are in the form of a liquid dispersion (LD), stable and easy to handle. All products of the FLG-LD Technology platform are metal-free and specifically designed for the target application. The FLD-LD production process is based on low cost components, does not required relevant energy consumption (being conducted at Room Temperature and Atmospheric Pressure) and does not include any specific HSE concern during handling production and packaging.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Francesco Argento, Mauro Favaretto, Andrea Vignali
The drone is part of an innovative robotic system that allows to automate and digitize the inspection and monitoring of O&G plants through a network of mobile sensors mounted on drones and fixed sensors located in the points not reachable by the drone. This sensor network is interconnected according to the Internet of Things paradigm and managed by a central computer with the supervision of operators in the control room.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The drone is part of an innovative robotic system that allows to automate and digitize the inspection and monitoring of O&G plants through a network of mobile sensors mounted on drones and fixed sensors located in the points not reachable by the drone. This sensor network is interconnected according to the Internet of Things paradigm and managed by a central computer with the supervision of operators in the control room.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Nam-Gyu Park
In 2012, Prof. Nam-Gyu Park pioneered the development of the first solid-state perovskite solar cell with a remarkable 9.7% power conversion efficiency and longterm stability of 500 hours without encapsulation. This breakthrough, published in Scientific Reports, utilized a methylammonium lead iodide perovskite light absorber on nanocrystalline titanium dioxide, addressing the instability issues of previous liquid junction solar cells. Prof. Park's work triggered extensive advancements in perovskite photovoltaics, leading to record efficiencies of 26.1% and surpassing traditional thinfilm solar cells. These advancements have profound implications for renewable energy, offering more efficient, stable, and cost-effective solar technology. Additionally, his research extends to hydrogen generation and highly sensitive X-ray detectors, demonstrating the versatile applications and significant societal impact of perovskite materials.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
In 2012, Prof. Nam-Gyu Park pioneered the development of the first solid-state perovskite solar cell with a remarkable 9.7% power conversion efficiency and longterm stability of 500 hours without encapsulation. This breakthrough, published in Scientific Reports, utilized a methylammonium lead iodide perovskite light absorber on nanocrystalline titanium dioxide, addressing the instability issues of previous liquid junction solar cells. Prof. Park's work triggered extensive advancements in perovskite photovoltaics, leading to record efficiencies of 26.1% and surpassing traditional thinfilm solar cells. These advancements have profound implications for renewable energy, offering more efficient, stable, and cost-effective solar technology. Additionally, his research extends to hydrogen generation and highly sensitive X-ray detectors, demonstrating the versatile applications and significant societal impact of perovskite materials.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Marc Fontecave
Carbon dioxide (CO₂), captured from point sources (power plants, cementeries, steel factories) or from the atmosphere, is one promising alternative to fossil carbon sources. For that purpose, Marc Fontecave research achievements concern the development of cheap, stable and efficient molecular and heterogeneous catalysts for the electroreduction of CO₂, and of its derivative carbon monoxide (CO), into hydrocarbons, such as ethylene, or alcohols, such as ethanol and propanol, all products useful for industry, transport, heat generation, etc…, as well as the development of electrolysers with high energy efficiency and high CO₂/CO conversion yield. This was achieved thanks to an original, multidisciplinary, both fundamental and technological, approach and to a control of the whole chain from synthesis (molecules and materials), cell engineering to functional characterization. Industrial applicability is one of the objectives of that innovative research as reflected by the tight collaboration with a number of industrial partners and the large number of patents being registered.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Carbon dioxide (CO₂), captured from point sources (power plants, cementeries, steel factories) or from the atmosphere, is one promising alternative to fossil carbon sources. For that purpose, Marc Fontecave research achievements concern the development of cheap, stable and efficient molecular and heterogeneous catalysts for the electroreduction of CO₂, and of its derivative carbon monoxide (CO), into hydrocarbons, such as ethylene, or alcohols, such as ethanol and propanol, all products useful for industry, transport, heat generation, etc…, as well as the development of electrolysers with high energy efficiency and high CO₂/CO conversion yield. This was achieved thanks to an original, multidisciplinary, both fundamental and technological, approach and to a control of the whole chain from synthesis (molecules and materials), cell engineering to functional characterization. Industrial applicability is one of the objectives of that innovative research as reflected by the tight collaboration with a number of industrial partners and the large number of patents being registered.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Holger Braunschweig
The research recognised by the ENI prize is in the area of "main-group metallomimetics", where a main-group element in a molecule is able, under the right conditions, to act in ways that resemble the useful attributes of transition metal elements, such as the ability to bind molecules and break and re-form their bonds. What Prof. Braunschweig's research has shown is that boron, when forced to be in a certain oxidation state (+1), can bind molecules and facilitate reactions that until now were the sole domain of transition metals – and even some that have no precedence with transition metals. The centrepiece of this work is the discovery of the first transition-metal-free ways to bind, reduce and convert dinitrogen to ammonia (i.e. fertilizer) and other molecules. While this research is still at early stages, main-group metallomimetics show great future promise as facilitators of industrially-useful chemical reactions, thus circumventing the need for toxic heavy metals, avoiding costly and waste-producing purification steps, and saving significant amounts of energy. This hints at potential applications that can avoid the environmental and health problems associated with many transition metal elements and reduce the high energy costs of feeding the world’s population.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The research recognised by the ENI prize is in the area of "main-group metallomimetics", where a main-group element in a molecule is able, under the right conditions, to act in ways that resemble the useful attributes of transition metal elements, such as the ability to bind molecules and break and re-form their bonds. What Prof. Braunschweig's research has shown is that boron, when forced to be in a certain oxidation state (+1), can bind molecules and facilitate reactions that until now were the sole domain of transition metals – and even some that have no precedence with transition metals. The centrepiece of this work is the discovery of the first transition-metal-free ways to bind, reduce and convert dinitrogen to ammonia (i.e. fertilizer) and other molecules. While this research is still at early stages, main-group metallomimetics show great future promise as facilitators of industrially-useful chemical reactions, thus circumventing the need for toxic heavy metals, avoiding costly and waste-producing purification steps, and saving significant amounts of energy. This hints at potential applications that can avoid the environmental and health problems associated with many transition metal elements and reduce the high energy costs of feeding the world’s population.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Elvira Spatolisano
In the energy transition towards renewables, natural gas is regarded as the key player, being the cleanest fossil fuel. Nevertheless, the depletion of sweet gas reservoirs imposes the monetization of ultra-sour natural gas fields with a high hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) content. This increasing H₂S concentration in processed gas is becoming a critical issue to manage: research efforts are devoted to developing novel alternatives for the simultaneous H₂S abatement and conversion to valuable chemicals. Among them, the HydroClaus process and the hydrogen sulfide methane reformation (HSMR) have been analysed in this work. The HydroClaus aims at converting H2S into a hydrophilic mixture of sulphur and sulphur-rich compounds, the polythionates, to be used as a fertilizer and soil improver also where the very alkaline pH hinders the cultivation. Hydrogen sulfide methane reformation allows H₂S conversion into hydrogen, without co-producing CO₂. Both technologies have been technically assessed by means of material and energy balances and CO₂ emissions. Strategies for the scale-up to the industrial level are discussed. The HydroClaus process relies on electric power only: a further reduction of the equivalent CO₂ emissions is expected, if renewable sources can be exploited for the purpose. Due to the encouraging results, both alternatives for H2S valorization can realistically pave the way for future emission abatement, making a step towards the goal of sustainability.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
In the energy transition towards renewables, natural gas is regarded as the key player, being the cleanest fossil fuel. Nevertheless, the depletion of sweet gas reservoirs imposes the monetization of ultra-sour natural gas fields with a high hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) content. This increasing H₂S concentration in processed gas is becoming a critical issue to manage: research efforts are devoted to developing novel alternatives for the simultaneous H₂S abatement and conversion to valuable chemicals. Among them, the HydroClaus process and the hydrogen sulfide methane reformation (HSMR) have been analysed in this work. The HydroClaus aims at converting H2S into a hydrophilic mixture of sulphur and sulphur-rich compounds, the polythionates, to be used as a fertilizer and soil improver also where the very alkaline pH hinders the cultivation. Hydrogen sulfide methane reformation allows H₂S conversion into hydrogen, without co-producing CO₂. Both technologies have been technically assessed by means of material and energy balances and CO₂ emissions. Strategies for the scale-up to the industrial level are discussed. The HydroClaus process relies on electric power only: a further reduction of the equivalent CO₂ emissions is expected, if renewable sources can be exploited for the purpose. Due to the encouraging results, both alternatives for H2S valorization can realistically pave the way for future emission abatement, making a step towards the goal of sustainability.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Stefano Toso
The PhD thesis entitled “One, Two, Many Nanocrystals: Characterizing Lead Halide Nanostructures from Single Particle to Bulk”, authored by Dr. Stefano Toso, explores the many functional nanostructures expressed by metal halide semiconductors, a class of materials widely investigated for energy applications. Starting from individual nanocrystals as building blocks, this thesis constructs hierarchical nanomaterials of increasing complexity. First come nanodimers, that are particles composed by two nanocrystals fused together. Second are superlattices, that are highly ordered solids where nanoparticles self-organize just like atoms in a traditional crystal. Last come the Ruddlesden-Popper layered metal halides, a class of hybrid organic-inorganic semiconductors that represents the link between superlattices and bulk materials. Besides the fundamental interest in finding deep structural connections between nanomaterials with varying levels of complexity, some of the scientific advancements discussed in this thesis might have an immediate technological impact. For example, the bismuth chalcohalide nanocrystals reported here, based on non-toxic and earth-abundant elements, display promising photovoltaic properties and were patented for future commercialization. Likewise, the perovskite-chalcohalide nano-dimers first obtained here demonstrate efficient charge-carrier separation at the interface between the two semiconductors, and are now under investigation as next-generation photocatalysts. Finally, the structural investigation techniques here developed for highly ordered nanocrystal solids might accelerate the development of new nanomaterials for quantum information and light harvesting applications.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The PhD thesis entitled “One, Two, Many Nanocrystals: Characterizing Lead Halide Nanostructures from Single Particle to Bulk”, authored by Dr. Stefano Toso, explores the many functional nanostructures expressed by metal halide semiconductors, a class of materials widely investigated for energy applications. Starting from individual nanocrystals as building blocks, this thesis constructs hierarchical nanomaterials of increasing complexity. First come nanodimers, that are particles composed by two nanocrystals fused together. Second are superlattices, that are highly ordered solids where nanoparticles self-organize just like atoms in a traditional crystal. Last come the Ruddlesden-Popper layered metal halides, a class of hybrid organic-inorganic semiconductors that represents the link between superlattices and bulk materials. Besides the fundamental interest in finding deep structural connections between nanomaterials with varying levels of complexity, some of the scientific advancements discussed in this thesis might have an immediate technological impact. For example, the bismuth chalcohalide nanocrystals reported here, based on non-toxic and earth-abundant elements, display promising photovoltaic properties and were patented for future commercialization. Likewise, the perovskite-chalcohalide nano-dimers first obtained here demonstrate efficient charge-carrier separation at the interface between the two semiconductors, and are now under investigation as next-generation photocatalysts. Finally, the structural investigation techniques here developed for highly ordered nanocrystal solids might accelerate the development of new nanomaterials for quantum information and light harvesting applications.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Favour Agbajor
This research explores the optimization of energy-efficient green buildings in South Africa, addressing the pressing challenges of energy consumption and carbon emissions within the built environment. The study develops innovative models that integrate building design and operation with renewable energy systems, particularly focusing on building-integrated greenery and photovoltaic technologies. By analyzing diverse climatic conditions, the research identifies strategies to enhance energy efficiency and thermal comfort, aiming for carbon neutrality. The implications of this work extend beyond academia, providing actionable insights for urban planners and policymakers to foster sustainable development, mitigate climate change impacts, and promote eco-friendly practices in the construction sector. Ultimately, this study contributes to the global discourse on sustainable architecture, positioning South Africa as a leader in green building practices. This work emphasizes the importance of eco-friendly solutions in mitigating climate change and fostering a more sustainable future for urban communities.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This research explores the optimization of energy-efficient green buildings in South Africa, addressing the pressing challenges of energy consumption and carbon emissions within the built environment. The study develops innovative models that integrate building design and operation with renewable energy systems, particularly focusing on building-integrated greenery and photovoltaic technologies. By analyzing diverse climatic conditions, the research identifies strategies to enhance energy efficiency and thermal comfort, aiming for carbon neutrality. The implications of this work extend beyond academia, providing actionable insights for urban planners and policymakers to foster sustainable development, mitigate climate change impacts, and promote eco-friendly practices in the construction sector. Ultimately, this study contributes to the global discourse on sustainable architecture, positioning South Africa as a leader in green building practices. This work emphasizes the importance of eco-friendly solutions in mitigating climate change and fostering a more sustainable future for urban communities.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Petra Kienyiy Chui
The study aimed to assess micro plastics in a river and a lake across two seasons (rainy and dry) and establish its characteristics and also examined the water quality of these aquatic systems during both seasons. This research highlights the significance of understanding the origins and sinks of micro plastics for practical applications. The study concludes that micro plastic distribution varies with the seasons, and physicochemical water parameters indicate that water quality also changes seasonally. The findings provide valuable insights into micro plastic contamination in water bodies used for irrigation and fishing, which can help mitigate the risk of micro plastics entering the food chain. Additionally, this knowledge can inform waste management practices, agricultural strategies, and efforts to improve community and ecosystem health.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The study aimed to assess micro plastics in a river and a lake across two seasons (rainy and dry) and establish its characteristics and also examined the water quality of these aquatic systems during both seasons. This research highlights the significance of understanding the origins and sinks of micro plastics for practical applications. The study concludes that micro plastic distribution varies with the seasons, and physicochemical water parameters indicate that water quality also changes seasonally. The findings provide valuable insights into micro plastic contamination in water bodies used for irrigation and fishing, which can help mitigate the risk of micro plastics entering the food chain. Additionally, this knowledge can inform waste management practices, agricultural strategies, and efforts to improve community and ecosystem health.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Lakhdar Hamidatou
This thesis presents the development and experimental validation of a detachable cooling kit for commercial photovoltaic (PV) panels, utilizing bio-based Phase Change Materials (PCMs) to address critical issues such as overheating and efficiency losses. The cooling kit reduces the temperature of PV cells by up to 12°C, resulting in a 5% improvement in electrical efficiency. By mitigating thermal stress and extending the lifespan of PV panels, this innovation offers a scalable, sustainable solution for enhancing solar energy production. The cooling kit features a practical design that is easy to implement and maintain. The use of recyclable, bio-based materials align with global sustainability goals, making this technology not only effective in optimizing energy output during peak hours but also environmentally responsible. The longterm societal impact includes reduced maintenance costs, extended PV panel longevity, and a valuable contribution to the global transition towards clean and renewable energy.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
This thesis presents the development and experimental validation of a detachable cooling kit for commercial photovoltaic (PV) panels, utilizing bio-based Phase Change Materials (PCMs) to address critical issues such as overheating and efficiency losses. The cooling kit reduces the temperature of PV cells by up to 12°C, resulting in a 5% improvement in electrical efficiency. By mitigating thermal stress and extending the lifespan of PV panels, this innovation offers a scalable, sustainable solution for enhancing solar energy production. The cooling kit features a practical design that is easy to implement and maintain. The use of recyclable, bio-based materials align with global sustainability goals, making this technology not only effective in optimizing energy output during peak hours but also environmentally responsible. The longterm societal impact includes reduced maintenance costs, extended PV panel longevity, and a valuable contribution to the global transition towards clean and renewable energy.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Nomthandazo Precious Sibiya
A series of investigations were carried out by using coagulation and dissolved air flotation (DAF) techniques, whereby application and treatability performance of the magnetized coagulants (MCs) were explored. Amongst the coagulants investigated, RF (1:1) demonstrated a treatability efficacy of more than 75% reduction of turbidity and TSS, and above 50% in COD reduction from local industrial effluent. The acquired findings were analysed and modelled as a function of the input parameters using ANOVA with a significant regression coefficient (R2 > 0.85 for coagulation and 0.95 for DAF) at a 95 percent confidence level. Furthermore, the optimization and comparison of coagulation and DAF techniques was employed. At numerical optimal circumstances of coagulant dose (4g), settling and flotation time (30 and 15 min, respectively), and mixing rate (50 rpm), the DAF and coagulation processes achieved 77.40% and 87.20% desired treatability efficiency, respectively. Herein, by using settling/flotation time and a desirability of 75% at 95% confidence, the DAF process was recommended to be more favourable with a shorter settling/flotation time. The milestone of this study has demonstrated synthesizing of magnetized natural coagulants is feasibility for water and wastewater treatment with great recoverability potential for reuse. Also exploring magnetic separation technology together with engineering green coagulants as niche area of research has great economic potential of adding value to organic waste.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
A series of investigations were carried out by using coagulation and dissolved air flotation (DAF) techniques, whereby application and treatability performance of the magnetized coagulants (MCs) were explored. Amongst the coagulants investigated, RF (1:1) demonstrated a treatability efficacy of more than 75% reduction of turbidity and TSS, and above 50% in COD reduction from local industrial effluent. The acquired findings were analysed and modelled as a function of the input parameters using ANOVA with a significant regression coefficient (R2 > 0.85 for coagulation and 0.95 for DAF) at a 95 percent confidence level. Furthermore, the optimization and comparison of coagulation and DAF techniques was employed. At numerical optimal circumstances of coagulant dose (4g), settling and flotation time (30 and 15 min, respectively), and mixing rate (50 rpm), the DAF and coagulation processes achieved 77.40% and 87.20% desired treatability efficiency, respectively. Herein, by using settling/flotation time and a desirability of 75% at 95% confidence, the DAF process was recommended to be more favourable with a shorter settling/flotation time. The milestone of this study has demonstrated synthesizing of magnetized natural coagulants is feasibility for water and wastewater treatment with great recoverability potential for reuse. Also exploring magnetic separation technology together with engineering green coagulants as niche area of research has great economic potential of adding value to organic waste.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Cristina Bonanomi, Rino Bonetti, Silvia Pavoni (Eni), Davide Moscatelli, Edoardo Terreni (PoliMI)
The patent concerns a technology for valorizing lignin through a process using alcohols under supercritical conditions, without the use of catalysts or gaseous species (H₂). Consequently, the final product has a low carbon footprint. The main advantage over existing lignin valorization technologies lies in the enhanced ability of the depolymerised solution to function as an antioxidant (and UV barrier).
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
The patent concerns a technology for valorizing lignin through a process using alcohols under supercritical conditions, without the use of catalysts or gaseous species (H₂). Consequently, the final product has a low carbon footprint. The main advantage over existing lignin valorization technologies lies in the enhanced ability of the depolymerised solution to function as an antioxidant (and UV barrier).
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Riccardo Borgomaneri, Luigi Colombo, Francesca Galimberti, Samuele Gori, Alberto Landoni, Nicoletta Panariti, Rita Ponzo
BioSlurry is a catalytic process that enables the conversion of highly contaminated biological raw materials into hydrocarbons that can be used as fuels, lubricants, or in the petrochemical sector. BioSlurry is a single-step process that replaces the complex traditional bio-refinery configuration composed of four successive steps (degumming, bleaching, deoxygenation, and isomerisation). This compression of the reactive steps into a one-pot process can lead to an overall reduction in costs.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
BioSlurry is a catalytic process that enables the conversion of highly contaminated biological raw materials into hydrocarbons that can be used as fuels, lubricants, or in the petrochemical sector. BioSlurry is a single-step process that replaces the complex traditional bio-refinery configuration composed of four successive steps (degumming, bleaching, deoxygenation, and isomerisation). This compression of the reactive steps into a one-pot process can lead to an overall reduction in costs.
AFFILIATION
INTERVIEW
Mirko Barbavara, Gabriele Bianchi, Stefano Cardamone, Lino Carnelli, Davide Deriu, Carla Lazzari, Nicola Mancini, Tamara Passera, Giuseppe Sabetta
Thermal energy storage is a crucial technology for the development of renewable energy, as it enables the dispatchability of intermittent and variable sources. It can be useful for both direct uses of thermal energy in industry and for electricity storage. The ENI TES technology stores energy in concrete slabs placed in cylindrical reservoirs where the temperature varies along the longitudinal dimension, creating a hot zone and a cold zone separated by a transition zone known as a thermocline.
CATEGORY
RESEARCH
Thermal energy storage is a crucial technology for the development of renewable energy, as it enables the dispatchability of intermittent and variable sources. It can be useful for both direct uses of thermal energy in industry and for electricity storage. The ENI TES technology stores energy in concrete slabs placed in cylindrical reservoirs where the temperature varies along the longitudinal dimension, creating a hot zone and a cold zone separated by a transition zone known as a thermocline.